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Adverse impact of smoking on the spine and spinal surgery
BACKGROUND: Tobacco smokers and companies are well aware that smoking increases the risks for cancers, vascular morbidity, and early mortality. This is a review of the plethora of adverse effects chronic smoking has on spinal tissues and spinal surgery. METHODS: Medline (PubMed) and Google Scholar d...
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| Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
| Lenguaje: | English |
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Scientific Scholar
2021
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| Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8053459/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33880223 http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/SNI_6_2021 |