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Armored CAR T-Cells: The Next Chapter in T-Cell Cancer Immunotherapy
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy engineers T-cells to express a synthetic receptor which redirects effector function to the tumor, to improve efficacy and reduce toxicities associated with conventional treatments, such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This approach has proved effectiv...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Dove
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8053711/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33883875 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/BTT.S291768 |
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author | Hawkins, Elizabeth R D’Souza, Reena R Klampatsa, Astero |
author_facet | Hawkins, Elizabeth R D’Souza, Reena R Klampatsa, Astero |
author_sort | Hawkins, Elizabeth R |
collection | PubMed |
description | Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy engineers T-cells to express a synthetic receptor which redirects effector function to the tumor, to improve efficacy and reduce toxicities associated with conventional treatments, such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This approach has proved effective in treating hematological malignancies; however, the same effects have not been observed in solid tumors. The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) creates a significant barrier to solid tumor efficacy and reduces the anti-cancer activity of endogenous tumor-resident immune cells, enabling cancer progression. In recent years, researchers have attempted to enhance CAR T-cell function in the TME by engineering the cells to express various proteins alongside the CAR. Examples of this engineering include inducing CAR T-cells to secrete cytokines or express cytokine receptors to modulate the cytokine milieu of the TME. Alternatively, the CAR T-cell may secrete antibody-like proteins to target a range of tumor antigens. Collectively, these methods are termed armored CAR T-cell therapy, and in this review, we will discuss the range of armored CAR T-cell approaches which have been investigated to date. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8053711 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Dove |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80537112021-04-20 Armored CAR T-Cells: The Next Chapter in T-Cell Cancer Immunotherapy Hawkins, Elizabeth R D’Souza, Reena R Klampatsa, Astero Biologics Review Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy engineers T-cells to express a synthetic receptor which redirects effector function to the tumor, to improve efficacy and reduce toxicities associated with conventional treatments, such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This approach has proved effective in treating hematological malignancies; however, the same effects have not been observed in solid tumors. The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) creates a significant barrier to solid tumor efficacy and reduces the anti-cancer activity of endogenous tumor-resident immune cells, enabling cancer progression. In recent years, researchers have attempted to enhance CAR T-cell function in the TME by engineering the cells to express various proteins alongside the CAR. Examples of this engineering include inducing CAR T-cells to secrete cytokines or express cytokine receptors to modulate the cytokine milieu of the TME. Alternatively, the CAR T-cell may secrete antibody-like proteins to target a range of tumor antigens. Collectively, these methods are termed armored CAR T-cell therapy, and in this review, we will discuss the range of armored CAR T-cell approaches which have been investigated to date. Dove 2021-04-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8053711/ /pubmed/33883875 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/BTT.S291768 Text en © 2021 Hawkins et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) ). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php). |
spellingShingle | Review Hawkins, Elizabeth R D’Souza, Reena R Klampatsa, Astero Armored CAR T-Cells: The Next Chapter in T-Cell Cancer Immunotherapy |
title | Armored CAR T-Cells: The Next Chapter in T-Cell Cancer Immunotherapy |
title_full | Armored CAR T-Cells: The Next Chapter in T-Cell Cancer Immunotherapy |
title_fullStr | Armored CAR T-Cells: The Next Chapter in T-Cell Cancer Immunotherapy |
title_full_unstemmed | Armored CAR T-Cells: The Next Chapter in T-Cell Cancer Immunotherapy |
title_short | Armored CAR T-Cells: The Next Chapter in T-Cell Cancer Immunotherapy |
title_sort | armored car t-cells: the next chapter in t-cell cancer immunotherapy |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8053711/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33883875 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/BTT.S291768 |
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