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Identification and Characterization of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Causing Bacterial Blight of Walnuts in Korea
The present study describes the bacterial blight of walnut, caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis (Xaj) in the northern Gyeongbuk province, Korea. Disease symptoms that appear very similar to anthracnose symptoms were observed in walnut trees in June 2016. Pathogens were isolated from disea...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Korean Society of Plant Pathology
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8053845/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33866756 http://dx.doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.OA.12.2020.0217 |
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author | Kim, Hyun Sup Cheon, Wonsu Lee, Younmi Kwon, Hyeok-Tae Seo, Sang-Tae Balaraju, Kotnala Jeon, Yongho |
author_facet | Kim, Hyun Sup Cheon, Wonsu Lee, Younmi Kwon, Hyeok-Tae Seo, Sang-Tae Balaraju, Kotnala Jeon, Yongho |
author_sort | Kim, Hyun Sup |
collection | PubMed |
description | The present study describes the bacterial blight of walnut, caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis (Xaj) in the northern Gyeongbuk province, Korea. Disease symptoms that appear very similar to anthracnose symptoms were observed in walnut trees in June 2016. Pathogens were isolated from disease infected leaves, fruits, shoots, bud, flower bud of walnut, and cultured onto yeast dextrose carbonate agar plates. Isolated bacteria with bacterial blight symptoms were characterized for their nutrient utilization profiles using Biolog GN2 and Vitek 2. In addition, isolates were subjected to physiological, biochemical, and morphological characterizations. Furthermore, isolates were identified using 16S rDNA sequence analysis, and multi-locus sequence analysis using atpD, dnaK, efp, and rpoD. To confirm pathogenicity, leaves, fruits, and stems of 3-year-old walnut plants were inoculated with bacterial pathogen suspensions as a foliar spray. One week after inoculation, the gray spots on leaves and yellow halos around the spots were developed. Fruits and stems showed browning symptoms. The pathogen Xaj was re-isolated from all symptomatic tissues to fulfill Koch’s postulates, while symptoms were not appeared on control plants. On the other hand, the symptoms were very similar to the symptoms of anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. When walnut plants were inoculated with combined pathogens of Xaj and C. gloeosporioides, disease symptoms were greater in comparison with when inoculated alone. Xaj population size was more in the month of April than March due to their dormancy in March, and sensitive to antibiotics such as oxytetracycline and streptomycin, while resistant to copper sulfate. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8053845 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Korean Society of Plant Pathology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80538452021-04-21 Identification and Characterization of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Causing Bacterial Blight of Walnuts in Korea Kim, Hyun Sup Cheon, Wonsu Lee, Younmi Kwon, Hyeok-Tae Seo, Sang-Tae Balaraju, Kotnala Jeon, Yongho Plant Pathol J Research Article The present study describes the bacterial blight of walnut, caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis (Xaj) in the northern Gyeongbuk province, Korea. Disease symptoms that appear very similar to anthracnose symptoms were observed in walnut trees in June 2016. Pathogens were isolated from disease infected leaves, fruits, shoots, bud, flower bud of walnut, and cultured onto yeast dextrose carbonate agar plates. Isolated bacteria with bacterial blight symptoms were characterized for their nutrient utilization profiles using Biolog GN2 and Vitek 2. In addition, isolates were subjected to physiological, biochemical, and morphological characterizations. Furthermore, isolates were identified using 16S rDNA sequence analysis, and multi-locus sequence analysis using atpD, dnaK, efp, and rpoD. To confirm pathogenicity, leaves, fruits, and stems of 3-year-old walnut plants were inoculated with bacterial pathogen suspensions as a foliar spray. One week after inoculation, the gray spots on leaves and yellow halos around the spots were developed. Fruits and stems showed browning symptoms. The pathogen Xaj was re-isolated from all symptomatic tissues to fulfill Koch’s postulates, while symptoms were not appeared on control plants. On the other hand, the symptoms were very similar to the symptoms of anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. When walnut plants were inoculated with combined pathogens of Xaj and C. gloeosporioides, disease symptoms were greater in comparison with when inoculated alone. Xaj population size was more in the month of April than March due to their dormancy in March, and sensitive to antibiotics such as oxytetracycline and streptomycin, while resistant to copper sulfate. Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2021-04 2021-04-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8053845/ /pubmed/33866756 http://dx.doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.OA.12.2020.0217 Text en © The Korean Society of Plant Pathology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Kim, Hyun Sup Cheon, Wonsu Lee, Younmi Kwon, Hyeok-Tae Seo, Sang-Tae Balaraju, Kotnala Jeon, Yongho Identification and Characterization of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Causing Bacterial Blight of Walnuts in Korea |
title | Identification and Characterization of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Causing Bacterial Blight of Walnuts in Korea |
title_full | Identification and Characterization of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Causing Bacterial Blight of Walnuts in Korea |
title_fullStr | Identification and Characterization of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Causing Bacterial Blight of Walnuts in Korea |
title_full_unstemmed | Identification and Characterization of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Causing Bacterial Blight of Walnuts in Korea |
title_short | Identification and Characterization of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Causing Bacterial Blight of Walnuts in Korea |
title_sort | identification and characterization of xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis causing bacterial blight of walnuts in korea |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8053845/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33866756 http://dx.doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.OA.12.2020.0217 |
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