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Respiratory Muscle Strength as an Indicator of the Severity of the Apnea-Hypopnea Index: Stepping Towards the Distinction Between Sleep Apnea and Breath Holding

Background and objective The aim of this study was to investigate whether the maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressure are correlated with the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Methods Fifty-two patients with OSAS were divided into two groups (AH...

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Autores principales: Stavrou, Vasileios T, Astara, Kyriaki, Karetsi, Eleni, Daniil, Zoe, Gourgoulianis, Konstantinos I
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8056360/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33889460
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.14015
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author Stavrou, Vasileios T
Astara, Kyriaki
Karetsi, Eleni
Daniil, Zoe
Gourgoulianis, Konstantinos I
author_facet Stavrou, Vasileios T
Astara, Kyriaki
Karetsi, Eleni
Daniil, Zoe
Gourgoulianis, Konstantinos I
author_sort Stavrou, Vasileios T
collection PubMed
description Background and objective The aim of this study was to investigate whether the maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressure are correlated with the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Methods Fifty-two patients with OSAS were divided into two groups (AHI, events/hours: <30, n=28, versus ≥30, n=24). For each patient, anthropometric characteristics, spirometry parameters, maximum inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory pressure (MEP), and cardiopulmonary function (CPF) parameters (oxygen uptake at rest (VO(2)), carbon dioxide output (VCO(2)), heart rate (HR), minute ventilation (V(E)), tidal volume at inspiratory (TVin) and expiratory (TVex), breath frequency (f(β)), end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure (P(ET)CO(2)), end-tidal oxygen pressure (P(ET)O(2)), and mean arterial pressure (MAP)) in sitting position for three minutes were recorded. The independent t-test was used to measure the differences between groups (events/hours <30 versus ≥30) and Pearson correlation analysis was used for statistical comparison between parameters. Results Results showed differences between groups (AHI, events/h ≥30 versus <30) in MIP (102.0±18.3 versus 91.1±12.1 % of predicted, p=0.013) and CPF parameters TVin (0.8±0.2 versus 0.7±0.1, L, p=0.047), P(ET)CO(2) (34.6±4.2 versus 31.4±3.7, mmHg, p=0.007), and MAP (88.4±6.5 versus 82.9±6.2, mmHg, p=0.003). Pearson correlation analysis between respiratory muscle strength (MIP and MEP) and polysomnography (PSG) parameters, MIP is related to AHI (r=.332, p=0.016) and desaturation index (r=.439, p=0.001), as well as MEP to percent of REM sleep stage (r=-.564, p<0.001). Conclusion The data from the present study support that maximal inspiratory pressure relates to the severity of AHI and intermittent breath-holding during sleep increases the inspiratory muscle strength.
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spelling pubmed-80563602021-04-21 Respiratory Muscle Strength as an Indicator of the Severity of the Apnea-Hypopnea Index: Stepping Towards the Distinction Between Sleep Apnea and Breath Holding Stavrou, Vasileios T Astara, Kyriaki Karetsi, Eleni Daniil, Zoe Gourgoulianis, Konstantinos I Cureus Pulmonology Background and objective The aim of this study was to investigate whether the maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressure are correlated with the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Methods Fifty-two patients with OSAS were divided into two groups (AHI, events/hours: <30, n=28, versus ≥30, n=24). For each patient, anthropometric characteristics, spirometry parameters, maximum inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory pressure (MEP), and cardiopulmonary function (CPF) parameters (oxygen uptake at rest (VO(2)), carbon dioxide output (VCO(2)), heart rate (HR), minute ventilation (V(E)), tidal volume at inspiratory (TVin) and expiratory (TVex), breath frequency (f(β)), end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure (P(ET)CO(2)), end-tidal oxygen pressure (P(ET)O(2)), and mean arterial pressure (MAP)) in sitting position for three minutes were recorded. The independent t-test was used to measure the differences between groups (events/hours <30 versus ≥30) and Pearson correlation analysis was used for statistical comparison between parameters. Results Results showed differences between groups (AHI, events/h ≥30 versus <30) in MIP (102.0±18.3 versus 91.1±12.1 % of predicted, p=0.013) and CPF parameters TVin (0.8±0.2 versus 0.7±0.1, L, p=0.047), P(ET)CO(2) (34.6±4.2 versus 31.4±3.7, mmHg, p=0.007), and MAP (88.4±6.5 versus 82.9±6.2, mmHg, p=0.003). Pearson correlation analysis between respiratory muscle strength (MIP and MEP) and polysomnography (PSG) parameters, MIP is related to AHI (r=.332, p=0.016) and desaturation index (r=.439, p=0.001), as well as MEP to percent of REM sleep stage (r=-.564, p<0.001). Conclusion The data from the present study support that maximal inspiratory pressure relates to the severity of AHI and intermittent breath-holding during sleep increases the inspiratory muscle strength. Cureus 2021-03-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8056360/ /pubmed/33889460 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.14015 Text en Copyright © 2021, Stavrou et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Pulmonology
Stavrou, Vasileios T
Astara, Kyriaki
Karetsi, Eleni
Daniil, Zoe
Gourgoulianis, Konstantinos I
Respiratory Muscle Strength as an Indicator of the Severity of the Apnea-Hypopnea Index: Stepping Towards the Distinction Between Sleep Apnea and Breath Holding
title Respiratory Muscle Strength as an Indicator of the Severity of the Apnea-Hypopnea Index: Stepping Towards the Distinction Between Sleep Apnea and Breath Holding
title_full Respiratory Muscle Strength as an Indicator of the Severity of the Apnea-Hypopnea Index: Stepping Towards the Distinction Between Sleep Apnea and Breath Holding
title_fullStr Respiratory Muscle Strength as an Indicator of the Severity of the Apnea-Hypopnea Index: Stepping Towards the Distinction Between Sleep Apnea and Breath Holding
title_full_unstemmed Respiratory Muscle Strength as an Indicator of the Severity of the Apnea-Hypopnea Index: Stepping Towards the Distinction Between Sleep Apnea and Breath Holding
title_short Respiratory Muscle Strength as an Indicator of the Severity of the Apnea-Hypopnea Index: Stepping Towards the Distinction Between Sleep Apnea and Breath Holding
title_sort respiratory muscle strength as an indicator of the severity of the apnea-hypopnea index: stepping towards the distinction between sleep apnea and breath holding
topic Pulmonology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8056360/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33889460
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.14015
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