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Maintaining Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte infectivity during blood collection and transport for mosquito feeding assays in the field
BACKGROUND: Mosquito feeding assays using venous blood are commonly used for evaluating the transmission potential of malaria infected individuals. To improve the accuracy of these assays, care must be taken to prevent premature activation or inactivation of gametocytes before they are fed to mosqui...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8056727/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33879163 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03725-y |
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author | Soumare, Harouna M. Guelbeogo, Wamdaogo Moussa van de Vegte-Bolmer, Marga van Gemert, Geert-Jan Soumanaba, Zongo Ouedraogo, Alphonse Ouattara, Maurice S. Abdullahi, Ahmad Jadama, Lamin Camara, Muhammed M. Gaye, Pa Modou Mendy, Michael Davis, Nwakanma Tiono, Alfred B. D’Alessandro, Umberto Drakeley, Chris Bousema, Teun Moreno, Marta Collins, Katharine A. |
author_facet | Soumare, Harouna M. Guelbeogo, Wamdaogo Moussa van de Vegte-Bolmer, Marga van Gemert, Geert-Jan Soumanaba, Zongo Ouedraogo, Alphonse Ouattara, Maurice S. Abdullahi, Ahmad Jadama, Lamin Camara, Muhammed M. Gaye, Pa Modou Mendy, Michael Davis, Nwakanma Tiono, Alfred B. D’Alessandro, Umberto Drakeley, Chris Bousema, Teun Moreno, Marta Collins, Katharine A. |
author_sort | Soumare, Harouna M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Mosquito feeding assays using venous blood are commonly used for evaluating the transmission potential of malaria infected individuals. To improve the accuracy of these assays, care must be taken to prevent premature activation or inactivation of gametocytes before they are fed to mosquitoes. This can be challenging in the field where infected individuals and insectary facilities are sometimes very far apart. In this study, a simple, reliable, field applicable method is presented for storage and transport of gametocyte infected blood using a thermos flask. METHODS: The optimal storage conditions for maintaining the transmissibility of gametocytes were determined initially using cultured Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes in standard membrane feeding assays (SMFAs). The impact of both the internal thermos water temperature (35.5 to 37.8 °C), and the external environmental temperature (room temperature to 42 °C) during long-term (4 h) storage, and the impact of short-term (15 min) temperature changes (room temp to 40 °C) during membrane feeding assays was assessed. The optimal conditions were then evaluated in direct membrane feeding assays (DMFAs) in Burkina Faso and The Gambia where blood from naturally-infected gametocyte carriers was offered to mosquitoes immediately and after storage in thermos flasks. RESULTS: Using cultured gametocytes in SMFAs it was determined that an internal thermos water temperature of 35.5 °C and storage of the thermos flask between RT (~ 21.3 °C) and 32 °C was optimal for maintaining transmissibility of gametocytes for 4 h. Short-term storage of the gametocyte infected blood for 15 min at temperatures up to 40 °C (range: RT, 30 °C, 38 °C and 40 °C) did not negatively affect gametocyte infectivity. Using samples from natural gametocyte carriers (47 from Burkina Faso and 16 from The Gambia), the prevalence of infected mosquitoes and the intensity of oocyst infection was maintained when gametocyte infected blood was stored in a thermos flask in water at 35.5 °C for up to 4 h. CONCLUSIONS: This study determines the optimal long-term (4 h) storage temperature for gametocyte infected blood and the external environment temperature range within which gametocyte infectivity is unaffected. This will improve the accuracy, reproducibility, and utility of DMFAs in the field, and permit reliable comparative assessments of malaria transmission epidemiology in different settings. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12936-021-03725-y. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8056727 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80567272021-04-21 Maintaining Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte infectivity during blood collection and transport for mosquito feeding assays in the field Soumare, Harouna M. Guelbeogo, Wamdaogo Moussa van de Vegte-Bolmer, Marga van Gemert, Geert-Jan Soumanaba, Zongo Ouedraogo, Alphonse Ouattara, Maurice S. Abdullahi, Ahmad Jadama, Lamin Camara, Muhammed M. Gaye, Pa Modou Mendy, Michael Davis, Nwakanma Tiono, Alfred B. D’Alessandro, Umberto Drakeley, Chris Bousema, Teun Moreno, Marta Collins, Katharine A. Malar J Research BACKGROUND: Mosquito feeding assays using venous blood are commonly used for evaluating the transmission potential of malaria infected individuals. To improve the accuracy of these assays, care must be taken to prevent premature activation or inactivation of gametocytes before they are fed to mosquitoes. This can be challenging in the field where infected individuals and insectary facilities are sometimes very far apart. In this study, a simple, reliable, field applicable method is presented for storage and transport of gametocyte infected blood using a thermos flask. METHODS: The optimal storage conditions for maintaining the transmissibility of gametocytes were determined initially using cultured Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes in standard membrane feeding assays (SMFAs). The impact of both the internal thermos water temperature (35.5 to 37.8 °C), and the external environmental temperature (room temperature to 42 °C) during long-term (4 h) storage, and the impact of short-term (15 min) temperature changes (room temp to 40 °C) during membrane feeding assays was assessed. The optimal conditions were then evaluated in direct membrane feeding assays (DMFAs) in Burkina Faso and The Gambia where blood from naturally-infected gametocyte carriers was offered to mosquitoes immediately and after storage in thermos flasks. RESULTS: Using cultured gametocytes in SMFAs it was determined that an internal thermos water temperature of 35.5 °C and storage of the thermos flask between RT (~ 21.3 °C) and 32 °C was optimal for maintaining transmissibility of gametocytes for 4 h. Short-term storage of the gametocyte infected blood for 15 min at temperatures up to 40 °C (range: RT, 30 °C, 38 °C and 40 °C) did not negatively affect gametocyte infectivity. Using samples from natural gametocyte carriers (47 from Burkina Faso and 16 from The Gambia), the prevalence of infected mosquitoes and the intensity of oocyst infection was maintained when gametocyte infected blood was stored in a thermos flask in water at 35.5 °C for up to 4 h. CONCLUSIONS: This study determines the optimal long-term (4 h) storage temperature for gametocyte infected blood and the external environment temperature range within which gametocyte infectivity is unaffected. This will improve the accuracy, reproducibility, and utility of DMFAs in the field, and permit reliable comparative assessments of malaria transmission epidemiology in different settings. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12936-021-03725-y. BioMed Central 2021-04-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8056727/ /pubmed/33879163 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03725-y Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Soumare, Harouna M. Guelbeogo, Wamdaogo Moussa van de Vegte-Bolmer, Marga van Gemert, Geert-Jan Soumanaba, Zongo Ouedraogo, Alphonse Ouattara, Maurice S. Abdullahi, Ahmad Jadama, Lamin Camara, Muhammed M. Gaye, Pa Modou Mendy, Michael Davis, Nwakanma Tiono, Alfred B. D’Alessandro, Umberto Drakeley, Chris Bousema, Teun Moreno, Marta Collins, Katharine A. Maintaining Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte infectivity during blood collection and transport for mosquito feeding assays in the field |
title | Maintaining Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte infectivity during blood collection and transport for mosquito feeding assays in the field |
title_full | Maintaining Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte infectivity during blood collection and transport for mosquito feeding assays in the field |
title_fullStr | Maintaining Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte infectivity during blood collection and transport for mosquito feeding assays in the field |
title_full_unstemmed | Maintaining Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte infectivity during blood collection and transport for mosquito feeding assays in the field |
title_short | Maintaining Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte infectivity during blood collection and transport for mosquito feeding assays in the field |
title_sort | maintaining plasmodium falciparum gametocyte infectivity during blood collection and transport for mosquito feeding assays in the field |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8056727/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33879163 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03725-y |
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