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Brain structure, IQ, and psychopathology in young offspring of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder

BACKGROUND. Studying offspring of schizophrenia (SZo) and bipolar disorder patients (BDo) provides important information on the putative neurodevelopmental trajectories underlying development toward severe mental illnesses. We compared intracranial volume (ICV), as a marker for neurodevelopment, and...

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Autores principales: van Haren, Neeltje E.M., Setiaman, Nikita, Koevoets, Martijn G.J.C., Baalbergen, Heleen, Kahn, Rene S., Hillegers, Manon H.J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cambridge University Press 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8057400/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32093799
http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2019.19
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author van Haren, Neeltje E.M.
Setiaman, Nikita
Koevoets, Martijn G.J.C.
Baalbergen, Heleen
Kahn, Rene S.
Hillegers, Manon H.J.
author_facet van Haren, Neeltje E.M.
Setiaman, Nikita
Koevoets, Martijn G.J.C.
Baalbergen, Heleen
Kahn, Rene S.
Hillegers, Manon H.J.
author_sort van Haren, Neeltje E.M.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND. Studying offspring of schizophrenia (SZo) and bipolar disorder patients (BDo) provides important information on the putative neurodevelopmental trajectories underlying development toward severe mental illnesses. We compared intracranial volume (ICV), as a marker for neurodevelopment, and global and local brain measures between SZo or BDo and control offspring (Co) in relation to IQ and psychopathology. METHODS. T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scans were obtained from 146 participants (8–19 years; 40 SZo, 66 BDo, 40 Co). Linear mixed models were applied to compare ICV, global, and local brain measures between groups. To investigate the effect of ICV, IQ (four subtests Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children/Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III) or presence of psychopathology these variables were each added to the model. RESULTS. SZo and BDo had significantly lower IQ and more often met criteria for a lifetime psychiatric disorder than Co. ICV was significantly smaller in SZo than in BDo (d = −0.56) and Co (d = −0.59), which was largely independent of IQ (respectively, d = −0.54 and d = −0.35). After ICV correction, the cortex was significantly thinner in SZo than in BDo (d = −0.42) and Co (d = −0.75) and lateral ventricles were larger in BDo than in Co (d = 0.55). Correction for IQ or lifetime psychiatric diagnosis did not change these findings. CONCLUSIONS. Despite sharing a lower IQ and a higher prevalence of psychiatric disorders, brain abnormalities in BDo appear less pronounced (but are not absent) than in SZo. Lower ICV in SZo implies that familial risk for schizophrenia has a stronger association with stunted early brain development than familial risk for bipolar disorder.
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spelling pubmed-80574002021-05-04 Brain structure, IQ, and psychopathology in young offspring of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder van Haren, Neeltje E.M. Setiaman, Nikita Koevoets, Martijn G.J.C. Baalbergen, Heleen Kahn, Rene S. Hillegers, Manon H.J. Eur Psychiatry Research Article BACKGROUND. Studying offspring of schizophrenia (SZo) and bipolar disorder patients (BDo) provides important information on the putative neurodevelopmental trajectories underlying development toward severe mental illnesses. We compared intracranial volume (ICV), as a marker for neurodevelopment, and global and local brain measures between SZo or BDo and control offspring (Co) in relation to IQ and psychopathology. METHODS. T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scans were obtained from 146 participants (8–19 years; 40 SZo, 66 BDo, 40 Co). Linear mixed models were applied to compare ICV, global, and local brain measures between groups. To investigate the effect of ICV, IQ (four subtests Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children/Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III) or presence of psychopathology these variables were each added to the model. RESULTS. SZo and BDo had significantly lower IQ and more often met criteria for a lifetime psychiatric disorder than Co. ICV was significantly smaller in SZo than in BDo (d = −0.56) and Co (d = −0.59), which was largely independent of IQ (respectively, d = −0.54 and d = −0.35). After ICV correction, the cortex was significantly thinner in SZo than in BDo (d = −0.42) and Co (d = −0.75) and lateral ventricles were larger in BDo than in Co (d = 0.55). Correction for IQ or lifetime psychiatric diagnosis did not change these findings. CONCLUSIONS. Despite sharing a lower IQ and a higher prevalence of psychiatric disorders, brain abnormalities in BDo appear less pronounced (but are not absent) than in SZo. Lower ICV in SZo implies that familial risk for schizophrenia has a stronger association with stunted early brain development than familial risk for bipolar disorder. Cambridge University Press 2020-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8057400/ /pubmed/32093799 http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2019.19 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
van Haren, Neeltje E.M.
Setiaman, Nikita
Koevoets, Martijn G.J.C.
Baalbergen, Heleen
Kahn, Rene S.
Hillegers, Manon H.J.
Brain structure, IQ, and psychopathology in young offspring of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder
title Brain structure, IQ, and psychopathology in young offspring of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder
title_full Brain structure, IQ, and psychopathology in young offspring of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder
title_fullStr Brain structure, IQ, and psychopathology in young offspring of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder
title_full_unstemmed Brain structure, IQ, and psychopathology in young offspring of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder
title_short Brain structure, IQ, and psychopathology in young offspring of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder
title_sort brain structure, iq, and psychopathology in young offspring of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8057400/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32093799
http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2019.19
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