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Improving on Half-Lightweight Male Judokas' High Performance by the Application of the Analytic Network Process
Judo is a multifactorial sport where many variables or key performance indicators (KPIs) such as force-velocity profile, bioenergetic capacity, technical and tactical skills, and cognitive and emotional competence play a role and influence the final result. While there have been many academic studie...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8058178/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33897530 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.621454 |
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author | Uriarte Marcos, Sugoi Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Raúl Alfaro-Saiz, Juan-José Carballeira, Eduardo Uriarte Marcos, Maier |
author_facet | Uriarte Marcos, Sugoi Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Raúl Alfaro-Saiz, Juan-José Carballeira, Eduardo Uriarte Marcos, Maier |
author_sort | Uriarte Marcos, Sugoi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Judo is a multifactorial sport where many variables or key performance indicators (KPIs) such as force-velocity profile, bioenergetic capacity, technical and tactical skills, and cognitive and emotional competence play a role and influence the final result. While there have been many academic studies of these variables, usually in isolation, none have examined KPIs holistically or analyzed their impact on strategic performance. The main objective of the present study, therefore, is to apply a novel and easily replicable methodology to identify and prioritize the main KPIs affecting performance in professional judo. Such a methodology was applied to the High-Performance Judo Centre of Valencia, using a multi-criteria decision aid technique: the analytic network process (ANP). The ANP is used to identify and quantify cause and effect relationships not only between KPIs but also between KPIs and performance objectives. Further, the ANP offers effective results when there is a lack of historical KPI data, because it is based on experts' opinions and judgments. A judo expert group (JEG) comprising elite judo coaches and half-lightweight (under 66 kg) male judokas applied the methodology to discriminate between the characteristics required when aiming to reach high-level strategic objectives (such as participating in the Olympic Games or winning a medal in a Grand Slam/Gran Prix). The JEG, which consisted of five elite judokas, national and international champions, and three Olympic coaches—including a former European champion and silver medalist in a world championship—provided high added value to the study. The main findings were that the KPIs that made the most difference were mostly psychological, specifically motivation, stress, and team cohesion. Of these, motivation was by far the most important KPI for success in our case study, so judokas should make sure that they analyze it properly. Motivation is usually intrinsic to the competitor and should be maintained at a high level, not only during tournaments but also during daily training and lifestyle activities. Physical and other specific forms of training, as well as lifestyle KPIs, are very important for the elite competitor but are not sufficient to reach high-level objectives. The most important of these KPIs were Kumi-Kata (grip work), dual career, focus and concentration level, scouting, nutrition, and basic technique. Power and strength were the most important physical KPIs. In general, these are essential for meeting strategic objectives, but they do not make the crucial difference. This suggests that professional psychological support should be provided in daily training and that international team composition and internships should be fostered. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8058178 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80581782021-04-22 Improving on Half-Lightweight Male Judokas' High Performance by the Application of the Analytic Network Process Uriarte Marcos, Sugoi Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Raúl Alfaro-Saiz, Juan-José Carballeira, Eduardo Uriarte Marcos, Maier Front Psychol Psychology Judo is a multifactorial sport where many variables or key performance indicators (KPIs) such as force-velocity profile, bioenergetic capacity, technical and tactical skills, and cognitive and emotional competence play a role and influence the final result. While there have been many academic studies of these variables, usually in isolation, none have examined KPIs holistically or analyzed their impact on strategic performance. The main objective of the present study, therefore, is to apply a novel and easily replicable methodology to identify and prioritize the main KPIs affecting performance in professional judo. Such a methodology was applied to the High-Performance Judo Centre of Valencia, using a multi-criteria decision aid technique: the analytic network process (ANP). The ANP is used to identify and quantify cause and effect relationships not only between KPIs but also between KPIs and performance objectives. Further, the ANP offers effective results when there is a lack of historical KPI data, because it is based on experts' opinions and judgments. A judo expert group (JEG) comprising elite judo coaches and half-lightweight (under 66 kg) male judokas applied the methodology to discriminate between the characteristics required when aiming to reach high-level strategic objectives (such as participating in the Olympic Games or winning a medal in a Grand Slam/Gran Prix). The JEG, which consisted of five elite judokas, national and international champions, and three Olympic coaches—including a former European champion and silver medalist in a world championship—provided high added value to the study. The main findings were that the KPIs that made the most difference were mostly psychological, specifically motivation, stress, and team cohesion. Of these, motivation was by far the most important KPI for success in our case study, so judokas should make sure that they analyze it properly. Motivation is usually intrinsic to the competitor and should be maintained at a high level, not only during tournaments but also during daily training and lifestyle activities. Physical and other specific forms of training, as well as lifestyle KPIs, are very important for the elite competitor but are not sufficient to reach high-level objectives. The most important of these KPIs were Kumi-Kata (grip work), dual career, focus and concentration level, scouting, nutrition, and basic technique. Power and strength were the most important physical KPIs. In general, these are essential for meeting strategic objectives, but they do not make the crucial difference. This suggests that professional psychological support should be provided in daily training and that international team composition and internships should be fostered. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-04-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8058178/ /pubmed/33897530 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.621454 Text en Copyright © 2021 Uriarte Marcos, Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Alfaro-Saiz, Carballeira and Uriarte Marcos. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Psychology Uriarte Marcos, Sugoi Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Raúl Alfaro-Saiz, Juan-José Carballeira, Eduardo Uriarte Marcos, Maier Improving on Half-Lightweight Male Judokas' High Performance by the Application of the Analytic Network Process |
title | Improving on Half-Lightweight Male Judokas' High Performance by the Application of the Analytic Network Process |
title_full | Improving on Half-Lightweight Male Judokas' High Performance by the Application of the Analytic Network Process |
title_fullStr | Improving on Half-Lightweight Male Judokas' High Performance by the Application of the Analytic Network Process |
title_full_unstemmed | Improving on Half-Lightweight Male Judokas' High Performance by the Application of the Analytic Network Process |
title_short | Improving on Half-Lightweight Male Judokas' High Performance by the Application of the Analytic Network Process |
title_sort | improving on half-lightweight male judokas' high performance by the application of the analytic network process |
topic | Psychology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8058178/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33897530 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.621454 |
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