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The Female Vaginal Microbiome in Health and Bacterial Vaginosis
The vaginal microbiome is an intricate and dynamic microecosystem that constantly undergoes fluctuations during the female menstrual cycle and the woman’s entire life. A healthy vaginal microbiome is dominated by Lactobacillus which produce various antimicrobial compounds. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) i...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8058480/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33898328 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.631972 |
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author | Chen, Xiaodi Lu, Yune Chen, Tao Li, Rongguo |
author_facet | Chen, Xiaodi Lu, Yune Chen, Tao Li, Rongguo |
author_sort | Chen, Xiaodi |
collection | PubMed |
description | The vaginal microbiome is an intricate and dynamic microecosystem that constantly undergoes fluctuations during the female menstrual cycle and the woman’s entire life. A healthy vaginal microbiome is dominated by Lactobacillus which produce various antimicrobial compounds. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is characterized by the loss or sharp decline in the total number of Lactobacillus and a corresponding marked increase in the concentration of anaerobic microbes. BV is a highly prevalent disorder of the vaginal microbiota among women of reproductive age globally. BV is confirmed to be associated with adverse gynecologic and obstetric outcomes, such as sexually transmitted infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, and preterm birth. Gardnerella vaginalis is the most common microorganism identified from BV. It is the predominant microbe in polymicrobial biofilms that could shelter G. vaginalis and other BV-associated microbes from adverse host environments. Many efforts have been made to increase our understanding of the vaginal microbiome in health and BV. Thus, improved novel and accurate diagnosis and therapeutic strategies for BV have been developed. This review covers the features of vaginal microbiome, BV, BV-associated diseases, and various strategies of diagnosis and treatment of BV, with an emphasis on recent research progresses. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8058480 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80584802021-04-22 The Female Vaginal Microbiome in Health and Bacterial Vaginosis Chen, Xiaodi Lu, Yune Chen, Tao Li, Rongguo Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology The vaginal microbiome is an intricate and dynamic microecosystem that constantly undergoes fluctuations during the female menstrual cycle and the woman’s entire life. A healthy vaginal microbiome is dominated by Lactobacillus which produce various antimicrobial compounds. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is characterized by the loss or sharp decline in the total number of Lactobacillus and a corresponding marked increase in the concentration of anaerobic microbes. BV is a highly prevalent disorder of the vaginal microbiota among women of reproductive age globally. BV is confirmed to be associated with adverse gynecologic and obstetric outcomes, such as sexually transmitted infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, and preterm birth. Gardnerella vaginalis is the most common microorganism identified from BV. It is the predominant microbe in polymicrobial biofilms that could shelter G. vaginalis and other BV-associated microbes from adverse host environments. Many efforts have been made to increase our understanding of the vaginal microbiome in health and BV. Thus, improved novel and accurate diagnosis and therapeutic strategies for BV have been developed. This review covers the features of vaginal microbiome, BV, BV-associated diseases, and various strategies of diagnosis and treatment of BV, with an emphasis on recent research progresses. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-04-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8058480/ /pubmed/33898328 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.631972 Text en Copyright © 2021 Chen, Lu, Chen and Li https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Cellular and Infection Microbiology Chen, Xiaodi Lu, Yune Chen, Tao Li, Rongguo The Female Vaginal Microbiome in Health and Bacterial Vaginosis |
title | The Female Vaginal Microbiome in Health and Bacterial Vaginosis |
title_full | The Female Vaginal Microbiome in Health and Bacterial Vaginosis |
title_fullStr | The Female Vaginal Microbiome in Health and Bacterial Vaginosis |
title_full_unstemmed | The Female Vaginal Microbiome in Health and Bacterial Vaginosis |
title_short | The Female Vaginal Microbiome in Health and Bacterial Vaginosis |
title_sort | female vaginal microbiome in health and bacterial vaginosis |
topic | Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8058480/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33898328 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.631972 |
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