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Birth prevalence of neural tube defects and associated risk factors in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Neural tube defects are common congenital anomalies that result from early malformation in the development of the spinal cord and brain. It is related to substantial mortality, morbidity, disability, and psychological and economic costs. The aim of this review is to determine the pooled...

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Autores principales: Oumer, Mohammed, Tazebew, Ashenafi, Silamsaw, Mezgebu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8058994/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33882899
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12887-021-02653-9
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author Oumer, Mohammed
Tazebew, Ashenafi
Silamsaw, Mezgebu
author_facet Oumer, Mohammed
Tazebew, Ashenafi
Silamsaw, Mezgebu
author_sort Oumer, Mohammed
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Neural tube defects are common congenital anomalies that result from early malformation in the development of the spinal cord and brain. It is related to substantial mortality, morbidity, disability, and psychological and economic costs. The aim of this review is to determine the pooled birth prevalence of neural tube defects and associated risk factors in Africa. METHODS: The first outcome of this review was the pooled birth prevalence of the neural tube defects and the second outcome was the pooled measure of association between neural tube defects and associated risk factors in Africa. We systematically searched PubMed, PubMed Central, Joanna Briggs Institute, Google Scopus, Cochrane Library, African Journals Online, Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Medline databases. The heterogeneity of studies was assessed using the Cochrane Q test statistic, I(2) test statistic, and, visually, using Forest and Galbraith’s plots. A random-effect model was applied to get the pooled birth prevalence of neural tube defects. Subgroup, sensitivity, meta-regression, time-trend, and meta-cumulative analyses were undertaken. The fixed-effect model was used to analyze the association between neural tube defects and associated risk factors. RESULTS: Forty-three studies with a total of 6086,384 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled birth prevalence of the neural tube defects was 21.42 (95% CI (Confidence Interval): 19.29, 23.56) per 10,000 births. A high pooled birth prevalence of neural tube defects was detected in Algeria 75 (95% CI: 64.98, 85.02), Ethiopia 61.43 (95% CI: 46.70, 76.16), Eritrea 39 (95% CI: 32.88, 45.12), and Nigeria 32.77 (95% CI: 21.94, 43.59) per 10,000 births. The prevalence of neural tube defects has increased over time. Taking folic acid during early pregnancy, consanguineous marriage, male sex, and substance abuse during pregnancy were assessed and none of them was significant. CONCLUSIONS: The pooled birth prevalence of neural tube defects in Africa was found to be high. The risk factors evaluated were not found significant. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12887-021-02653-9.
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spelling pubmed-80589942021-04-21 Birth prevalence of neural tube defects and associated risk factors in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis Oumer, Mohammed Tazebew, Ashenafi Silamsaw, Mezgebu BMC Pediatr Research Article BACKGROUND: Neural tube defects are common congenital anomalies that result from early malformation in the development of the spinal cord and brain. It is related to substantial mortality, morbidity, disability, and psychological and economic costs. The aim of this review is to determine the pooled birth prevalence of neural tube defects and associated risk factors in Africa. METHODS: The first outcome of this review was the pooled birth prevalence of the neural tube defects and the second outcome was the pooled measure of association between neural tube defects and associated risk factors in Africa. We systematically searched PubMed, PubMed Central, Joanna Briggs Institute, Google Scopus, Cochrane Library, African Journals Online, Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Medline databases. The heterogeneity of studies was assessed using the Cochrane Q test statistic, I(2) test statistic, and, visually, using Forest and Galbraith’s plots. A random-effect model was applied to get the pooled birth prevalence of neural tube defects. Subgroup, sensitivity, meta-regression, time-trend, and meta-cumulative analyses were undertaken. The fixed-effect model was used to analyze the association between neural tube defects and associated risk factors. RESULTS: Forty-three studies with a total of 6086,384 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled birth prevalence of the neural tube defects was 21.42 (95% CI (Confidence Interval): 19.29, 23.56) per 10,000 births. A high pooled birth prevalence of neural tube defects was detected in Algeria 75 (95% CI: 64.98, 85.02), Ethiopia 61.43 (95% CI: 46.70, 76.16), Eritrea 39 (95% CI: 32.88, 45.12), and Nigeria 32.77 (95% CI: 21.94, 43.59) per 10,000 births. The prevalence of neural tube defects has increased over time. Taking folic acid during early pregnancy, consanguineous marriage, male sex, and substance abuse during pregnancy were assessed and none of them was significant. CONCLUSIONS: The pooled birth prevalence of neural tube defects in Africa was found to be high. The risk factors evaluated were not found significant. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12887-021-02653-9. BioMed Central 2021-04-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8058994/ /pubmed/33882899 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12887-021-02653-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research Article
Oumer, Mohammed
Tazebew, Ashenafi
Silamsaw, Mezgebu
Birth prevalence of neural tube defects and associated risk factors in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title Birth prevalence of neural tube defects and associated risk factors in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Birth prevalence of neural tube defects and associated risk factors in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Birth prevalence of neural tube defects and associated risk factors in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Birth prevalence of neural tube defects and associated risk factors in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Birth prevalence of neural tube defects and associated risk factors in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort birth prevalence of neural tube defects and associated risk factors in africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8058994/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33882899
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12887-021-02653-9
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