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Typology of changes in quality of life over 12 months among currently or formerly homeless individuals using different housing services in Quebec, Canada

BACKGROUND: In health and social service evaluations, including research on homelessness, quality of Life (QOL) is often used as a key indicator of well-being among service users. However, no typology has been developed on changes in QOL over a 12-month period for a heterogenous sample of homeless i...

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Autores principales: Kaltsidis, Gesthika, Grenier, Guy, Cao, Zhirong, L’Espérance, Nadia, Fleury, Marie-Josée
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8061013/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33882927
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12955-021-01768-y
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author Kaltsidis, Gesthika
Grenier, Guy
Cao, Zhirong
L’Espérance, Nadia
Fleury, Marie-Josée
author_facet Kaltsidis, Gesthika
Grenier, Guy
Cao, Zhirong
L’Espérance, Nadia
Fleury, Marie-Josée
author_sort Kaltsidis, Gesthika
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: In health and social service evaluations, including research on homelessness, quality of Life (QOL) is often used as a key indicator of well-being among service users. However, no typology has been developed on changes in QOL over a 12-month period for a heterogenous sample of homeless individuals. METHODS: Cluster analysis was employed to identify a typology of change in QOL for 270 currently or formerly homeless individuals using emergency shelters, temporary housing (TH) and permanent housing (PH) services in Quebec (Canada). Participant interviews were conducted at baseline and 12 months later. An adapted Gelberg–Andersen Model helped organize QOL-related sociodemographic, clinical, and service use variables into predisposing, needs, and enabling factors, respectively. Comparison analyses were performed to determine group differences. RESULTS: Four groups emerged from the analyses: (1) young women in stable-PH or improved housing status with moderately high needs and specialized ambulatory care service use, with improved QOL over 12 months; (2) middle-age to older men with stable housing status, few needs and low acute care service use, with most improvement in QOL over 12 months; (3) older individuals residing in stable-PH or improved housing status with very high needs and reduced QOL over 12 months; and (4) men in stable-TH or worse housing status, with high substance use disorder, using few specialized ambulatory care services and showing decline in QOL over 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that positive change in QOL over 12 months was mainly associated with fewer needs, and stability in housing status more than housing improvement. Specific recommendations, such as assertive community treatment and harm reduction programs, should be prioritized for individuals with high needs or poor housing status, and among those experiencing difficulties related to QOL, whereas individuals with more favourable profiles could be encouraged to maintain stable housing and use services proportional to their needs.
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spelling pubmed-80610132021-04-22 Typology of changes in quality of life over 12 months among currently or formerly homeless individuals using different housing services in Quebec, Canada Kaltsidis, Gesthika Grenier, Guy Cao, Zhirong L’Espérance, Nadia Fleury, Marie-Josée Health Qual Life Outcomes Research BACKGROUND: In health and social service evaluations, including research on homelessness, quality of Life (QOL) is often used as a key indicator of well-being among service users. However, no typology has been developed on changes in QOL over a 12-month period for a heterogenous sample of homeless individuals. METHODS: Cluster analysis was employed to identify a typology of change in QOL for 270 currently or formerly homeless individuals using emergency shelters, temporary housing (TH) and permanent housing (PH) services in Quebec (Canada). Participant interviews were conducted at baseline and 12 months later. An adapted Gelberg–Andersen Model helped organize QOL-related sociodemographic, clinical, and service use variables into predisposing, needs, and enabling factors, respectively. Comparison analyses were performed to determine group differences. RESULTS: Four groups emerged from the analyses: (1) young women in stable-PH or improved housing status with moderately high needs and specialized ambulatory care service use, with improved QOL over 12 months; (2) middle-age to older men with stable housing status, few needs and low acute care service use, with most improvement in QOL over 12 months; (3) older individuals residing in stable-PH or improved housing status with very high needs and reduced QOL over 12 months; and (4) men in stable-TH or worse housing status, with high substance use disorder, using few specialized ambulatory care services and showing decline in QOL over 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that positive change in QOL over 12 months was mainly associated with fewer needs, and stability in housing status more than housing improvement. Specific recommendations, such as assertive community treatment and harm reduction programs, should be prioritized for individuals with high needs or poor housing status, and among those experiencing difficulties related to QOL, whereas individuals with more favourable profiles could be encouraged to maintain stable housing and use services proportional to their needs. BioMed Central 2021-04-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8061013/ /pubmed/33882927 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12955-021-01768-y Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Kaltsidis, Gesthika
Grenier, Guy
Cao, Zhirong
L’Espérance, Nadia
Fleury, Marie-Josée
Typology of changes in quality of life over 12 months among currently or formerly homeless individuals using different housing services in Quebec, Canada
title Typology of changes in quality of life over 12 months among currently or formerly homeless individuals using different housing services in Quebec, Canada
title_full Typology of changes in quality of life over 12 months among currently or formerly homeless individuals using different housing services in Quebec, Canada
title_fullStr Typology of changes in quality of life over 12 months among currently or formerly homeless individuals using different housing services in Quebec, Canada
title_full_unstemmed Typology of changes in quality of life over 12 months among currently or formerly homeless individuals using different housing services in Quebec, Canada
title_short Typology of changes in quality of life over 12 months among currently or formerly homeless individuals using different housing services in Quebec, Canada
title_sort typology of changes in quality of life over 12 months among currently or formerly homeless individuals using different housing services in quebec, canada
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8061013/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33882927
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12955-021-01768-y
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