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Exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and exercise: short-chain fatty acids and their role in metabolism

The human body is host to a multitude of bacteria, fungi, viruses and other species in the intestine, collectively known as the microbiota. Dietary carbohydrates which bypass digestion and absorption are broken down and fermented by the microbiota to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Previous...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Carey, Ryan A, Montag, Doreen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8061837/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33981447
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000930
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author Carey, Ryan A
Montag, Doreen
author_facet Carey, Ryan A
Montag, Doreen
author_sort Carey, Ryan A
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description The human body is host to a multitude of bacteria, fungi, viruses and other species in the intestine, collectively known as the microbiota. Dietary carbohydrates which bypass digestion and absorption are broken down and fermented by the microbiota to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Previous research has established the role of SCFAs in the control of human metabolic pathways. In this review, we evaluate SCFAs as a metabolic regulator and how they might improve endurance performance in athletes. By looking at research conducted in animal models, we identify several pathways downstream of SCFAs, either directly modulating metabolic pathways through second messenger pathways or through neuronal pathways, that contribute to energy utilisation. These pathways contribute to efficient energy metabolism and are thus key to maximising substrate utilisation in endurance exercise. Future research may prove the usefulness of targeted dietary interventions allowing athletes to maximise their performance in competition.
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spelling pubmed-80618372021-05-11 Exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and exercise: short-chain fatty acids and their role in metabolism Carey, Ryan A Montag, Doreen BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med Review The human body is host to a multitude of bacteria, fungi, viruses and other species in the intestine, collectively known as the microbiota. Dietary carbohydrates which bypass digestion and absorption are broken down and fermented by the microbiota to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Previous research has established the role of SCFAs in the control of human metabolic pathways. In this review, we evaluate SCFAs as a metabolic regulator and how they might improve endurance performance in athletes. By looking at research conducted in animal models, we identify several pathways downstream of SCFAs, either directly modulating metabolic pathways through second messenger pathways or through neuronal pathways, that contribute to energy utilisation. These pathways contribute to efficient energy metabolism and are thus key to maximising substrate utilisation in endurance exercise. Future research may prove the usefulness of targeted dietary interventions allowing athletes to maximise their performance in competition. BMJ Publishing Group 2021-04-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8061837/ /pubmed/33981447 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000930 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Review
Carey, Ryan A
Montag, Doreen
Exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and exercise: short-chain fatty acids and their role in metabolism
title Exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and exercise: short-chain fatty acids and their role in metabolism
title_full Exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and exercise: short-chain fatty acids and their role in metabolism
title_fullStr Exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and exercise: short-chain fatty acids and their role in metabolism
title_full_unstemmed Exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and exercise: short-chain fatty acids and their role in metabolism
title_short Exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and exercise: short-chain fatty acids and their role in metabolism
title_sort exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and exercise: short-chain fatty acids and their role in metabolism
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8061837/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33981447
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000930
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