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Vaccination against pathogenic clostridia in animals: a review
Clostridium is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped, anaerobic, and spore-forming bacterium, which is found in the surrounding environments throughout the world. Clostridium species cause botulism, tetanus, enterotoxaemia, gas gangrene, necrotic enteritis, pseudomembranous colitis, blackleg, and black diseas...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Netherlands
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8062623/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33891221 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-021-02728-w |
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author | Abdolmohammadi Khiav, Lida Zahmatkesh, Azadeh |
author_facet | Abdolmohammadi Khiav, Lida Zahmatkesh, Azadeh |
author_sort | Abdolmohammadi Khiav, Lida |
collection | PubMed |
description | Clostridium is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped, anaerobic, and spore-forming bacterium, which is found in the surrounding environments throughout the world. Clostridium species cause botulism, tetanus, enterotoxaemia, gas gangrene, necrotic enteritis, pseudomembranous colitis, blackleg, and black disease. Clostridium infection causes severe economic losses in livestock and poultry industries. Vaccination seems to be an effective way to control Clostridial diseases. This review discusses the toxins and vaccine development of the most common pathogenic Clostridium species in animals, including Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium novyi, Clostridium chauvoei, and Clostridium septicum. In this comprehensive study, we will review different kinds of clostridial toxins and the vaccines that are experimentally or practically available and will give a short description on each vaccine focusing on its applications, advantages, and disadvantages. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8062623 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Springer Netherlands |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80626232021-04-23 Vaccination against pathogenic clostridia in animals: a review Abdolmohammadi Khiav, Lida Zahmatkesh, Azadeh Trop Anim Health Prod Reviews Clostridium is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped, anaerobic, and spore-forming bacterium, which is found in the surrounding environments throughout the world. Clostridium species cause botulism, tetanus, enterotoxaemia, gas gangrene, necrotic enteritis, pseudomembranous colitis, blackleg, and black disease. Clostridium infection causes severe economic losses in livestock and poultry industries. Vaccination seems to be an effective way to control Clostridial diseases. This review discusses the toxins and vaccine development of the most common pathogenic Clostridium species in animals, including Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium novyi, Clostridium chauvoei, and Clostridium septicum. In this comprehensive study, we will review different kinds of clostridial toxins and the vaccines that are experimentally or practically available and will give a short description on each vaccine focusing on its applications, advantages, and disadvantages. Springer Netherlands 2021-04-23 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC8062623/ /pubmed/33891221 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-021-02728-w Text en © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2021 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic. |
spellingShingle | Reviews Abdolmohammadi Khiav, Lida Zahmatkesh, Azadeh Vaccination against pathogenic clostridia in animals: a review |
title | Vaccination against pathogenic clostridia in animals: a review |
title_full | Vaccination against pathogenic clostridia in animals: a review |
title_fullStr | Vaccination against pathogenic clostridia in animals: a review |
title_full_unstemmed | Vaccination against pathogenic clostridia in animals: a review |
title_short | Vaccination against pathogenic clostridia in animals: a review |
title_sort | vaccination against pathogenic clostridia in animals: a review |
topic | Reviews |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8062623/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33891221 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-021-02728-w |
work_keys_str_mv | AT abdolmohammadikhiavlida vaccinationagainstpathogenicclostridiainanimalsareview AT zahmatkeshazadeh vaccinationagainstpathogenicclostridiainanimalsareview |