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Role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in central nervous system tumors: Biological and therapeutic implications

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor, whose canonical pathway mainly regulates the genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism. However, it can also regulate several responses in a non-canonical manner, such as proliferation, differentiation, cell death and cell adh...

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Autores principales: Zaragoza-Ojeda, Montserrat, Apatiga-Vega, Elisa, Arenas-Huertero, Francisco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: D.A. Spandidos 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8063300/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33907570
http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ol.2021.12721
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author Zaragoza-Ojeda, Montserrat
Apatiga-Vega, Elisa
Arenas-Huertero, Francisco
author_facet Zaragoza-Ojeda, Montserrat
Apatiga-Vega, Elisa
Arenas-Huertero, Francisco
author_sort Zaragoza-Ojeda, Montserrat
collection PubMed
description Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor, whose canonical pathway mainly regulates the genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism. However, it can also regulate several responses in a non-canonical manner, such as proliferation, differentiation, cell death and cell adhesion. AhR plays an important role in central nervous system tumors, as it can regulate several cellular responses via different pathways. The polymorphisms of the AHR gene have been associated with the development of gliomas. In addition, the metabolism of tumor cells promotes tumor growth, particularly in tryptophan synthesis, where some metabolites, such as kynurenine, can activate the AhR pathway, triggering cell proliferation in astrocytomas, medulloblastomas and glioblastomas. Furthermore, as part of the changes in neuroblastomas, AHR is able to downregulate the expression of proto-oncogene c-Myc, induce differentiation in tumor cells, and cause cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Collectively, these data suggested that the modulation of the AhR pathway may downregulate tumor growth, providing a novel strategy for applications for the treatment of certain tumors through the control of the AhR pathway.
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spelling pubmed-80633002021-04-26 Role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in central nervous system tumors: Biological and therapeutic implications Zaragoza-Ojeda, Montserrat Apatiga-Vega, Elisa Arenas-Huertero, Francisco Oncol Lett Review Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor, whose canonical pathway mainly regulates the genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism. However, it can also regulate several responses in a non-canonical manner, such as proliferation, differentiation, cell death and cell adhesion. AhR plays an important role in central nervous system tumors, as it can regulate several cellular responses via different pathways. The polymorphisms of the AHR gene have been associated with the development of gliomas. In addition, the metabolism of tumor cells promotes tumor growth, particularly in tryptophan synthesis, where some metabolites, such as kynurenine, can activate the AhR pathway, triggering cell proliferation in astrocytomas, medulloblastomas and glioblastomas. Furthermore, as part of the changes in neuroblastomas, AHR is able to downregulate the expression of proto-oncogene c-Myc, induce differentiation in tumor cells, and cause cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Collectively, these data suggested that the modulation of the AhR pathway may downregulate tumor growth, providing a novel strategy for applications for the treatment of certain tumors through the control of the AhR pathway. D.A. Spandidos 2021-06 2021-04-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8063300/ /pubmed/33907570 http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ol.2021.12721 Text en Copyright: © Zaragoza-Ojeda et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Review
Zaragoza-Ojeda, Montserrat
Apatiga-Vega, Elisa
Arenas-Huertero, Francisco
Role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in central nervous system tumors: Biological and therapeutic implications
title Role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in central nervous system tumors: Biological and therapeutic implications
title_full Role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in central nervous system tumors: Biological and therapeutic implications
title_fullStr Role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in central nervous system tumors: Biological and therapeutic implications
title_full_unstemmed Role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in central nervous system tumors: Biological and therapeutic implications
title_short Role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in central nervous system tumors: Biological and therapeutic implications
title_sort role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in central nervous system tumors: biological and therapeutic implications
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8063300/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33907570
http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ol.2021.12721
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