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Serial Ultrasonographic and Real-Time Elastosonographic Assessment of the Ovine Common Calcaneal Tendon, after an Experimentally Induced Tendinopathy
Real-time elastosonography (RTE) is a recently described, non-invasive, ultrasonographic technique developed to assess tissue elasticity. The main aim of this study was to investigate the ultrasonographic and elastosonographic appearance of the common calcaneal tendon (CCT) in an ovine model, and to...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8064454/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33806121 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8040054 |
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author | Serrani, Daniele Volta, Antonella Cingolani, Franco Pennasilico, Luca Di Bella, Caterina Bonazzi, Mattia Salvaggio, Alberto Palumbo Piccionello, Angela |
author_facet | Serrani, Daniele Volta, Antonella Cingolani, Franco Pennasilico, Luca Di Bella, Caterina Bonazzi, Mattia Salvaggio, Alberto Palumbo Piccionello, Angela |
author_sort | Serrani, Daniele |
collection | PubMed |
description | Real-time elastosonography (RTE) is a recently described, non-invasive, ultrasonographic technique developed to assess tissue elasticity. The main aim of this study was to investigate the ultrasonographic and elastosonographic appearance of the common calcaneal tendon (CCT) in an ovine model, and to monitor the progression of tendon healing after an experimentally-induced tendinopathy. Sound tendons were initially evaluated (T(0)) with a caliper and by a single operator with ultrasound. Ultrasonographic and elastosonographic images were then acquired. Subsequently, ultrasound-guided tendon lesions were induced by injecting 500 IU of Type IA collagenases proximally to the calcaneal tuberosity. Caliper measurement, ultrasonography and elastosonography were then repeated at 15 (T(1)), 30 (T(2)) and 60 (T(3)) days. Clinically measured width of the tendon, ultrasonographic thickness and width and percentage of hard (Elx-t%hrd) and soft (Elx-t%sft) tissue were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed on the data collected; statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) revealed good (0.68) repeatability of elastosonographic evaluation of the CCT. The tendon width was significantly increased when comparing T(0) with T(1–2) and decreased when comparing T(1–2) with T(3). Ultrasound-assessed thickness was significantly increased between T(0)–T(1) and decreased between T(1)-T(2–3). Elx-t%hrd was significantly decreased at T(1–2–3) and Elx-t%sft was significantly increased at T(1–2–3). In conclusion, the ovine CCT is a highly stiff structure that undergoes a severe loss of stiffness during the healing process. Thickness and width of the tendon increased during the first 30 days and then reduced progressively along the subsequent 30 days. Ultrasonographic appearance of the tendon remained severely abnormal and the tendon showed severely reduced elastic proprieties 60 days after lesion induction. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8064454 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80644542021-04-24 Serial Ultrasonographic and Real-Time Elastosonographic Assessment of the Ovine Common Calcaneal Tendon, after an Experimentally Induced Tendinopathy Serrani, Daniele Volta, Antonella Cingolani, Franco Pennasilico, Luca Di Bella, Caterina Bonazzi, Mattia Salvaggio, Alberto Palumbo Piccionello, Angela Vet Sci Article Real-time elastosonography (RTE) is a recently described, non-invasive, ultrasonographic technique developed to assess tissue elasticity. The main aim of this study was to investigate the ultrasonographic and elastosonographic appearance of the common calcaneal tendon (CCT) in an ovine model, and to monitor the progression of tendon healing after an experimentally-induced tendinopathy. Sound tendons were initially evaluated (T(0)) with a caliper and by a single operator with ultrasound. Ultrasonographic and elastosonographic images were then acquired. Subsequently, ultrasound-guided tendon lesions were induced by injecting 500 IU of Type IA collagenases proximally to the calcaneal tuberosity. Caliper measurement, ultrasonography and elastosonography were then repeated at 15 (T(1)), 30 (T(2)) and 60 (T(3)) days. Clinically measured width of the tendon, ultrasonographic thickness and width and percentage of hard (Elx-t%hrd) and soft (Elx-t%sft) tissue were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed on the data collected; statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) revealed good (0.68) repeatability of elastosonographic evaluation of the CCT. The tendon width was significantly increased when comparing T(0) with T(1–2) and decreased when comparing T(1–2) with T(3). Ultrasound-assessed thickness was significantly increased between T(0)–T(1) and decreased between T(1)-T(2–3). Elx-t%hrd was significantly decreased at T(1–2–3) and Elx-t%sft was significantly increased at T(1–2–3). In conclusion, the ovine CCT is a highly stiff structure that undergoes a severe loss of stiffness during the healing process. Thickness and width of the tendon increased during the first 30 days and then reduced progressively along the subsequent 30 days. Ultrasonographic appearance of the tendon remained severely abnormal and the tendon showed severely reduced elastic proprieties 60 days after lesion induction. MDPI 2021-03-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8064454/ /pubmed/33806121 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8040054 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ). |
spellingShingle | Article Serrani, Daniele Volta, Antonella Cingolani, Franco Pennasilico, Luca Di Bella, Caterina Bonazzi, Mattia Salvaggio, Alberto Palumbo Piccionello, Angela Serial Ultrasonographic and Real-Time Elastosonographic Assessment of the Ovine Common Calcaneal Tendon, after an Experimentally Induced Tendinopathy |
title | Serial Ultrasonographic and Real-Time Elastosonographic Assessment of the Ovine Common Calcaneal Tendon, after an Experimentally Induced Tendinopathy |
title_full | Serial Ultrasonographic and Real-Time Elastosonographic Assessment of the Ovine Common Calcaneal Tendon, after an Experimentally Induced Tendinopathy |
title_fullStr | Serial Ultrasonographic and Real-Time Elastosonographic Assessment of the Ovine Common Calcaneal Tendon, after an Experimentally Induced Tendinopathy |
title_full_unstemmed | Serial Ultrasonographic and Real-Time Elastosonographic Assessment of the Ovine Common Calcaneal Tendon, after an Experimentally Induced Tendinopathy |
title_short | Serial Ultrasonographic and Real-Time Elastosonographic Assessment of the Ovine Common Calcaneal Tendon, after an Experimentally Induced Tendinopathy |
title_sort | serial ultrasonographic and real-time elastosonographic assessment of the ovine common calcaneal tendon, after an experimentally induced tendinopathy |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8064454/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33806121 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8040054 |
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