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Estimating the effect of social inequalities on the mitigation of COVID-19 across communities in Santiago de Chile
We study the spatio-temporal spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Santiago de Chile using anonymized mobile phone data from 1.4 million users, 22% of the whole population in the area, characterizing the effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on the epidemic dynamics. We integrate these data into a me...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8065143/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33893279 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22601-6 |
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author | Gozzi, Nicolò Tizzoni, Michele Chinazzi, Matteo Ferres, Leo Vespignani, Alessandro Perra, Nicola |
author_facet | Gozzi, Nicolò Tizzoni, Michele Chinazzi, Matteo Ferres, Leo Vespignani, Alessandro Perra, Nicola |
author_sort | Gozzi, Nicolò |
collection | PubMed |
description | We study the spatio-temporal spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Santiago de Chile using anonymized mobile phone data from 1.4 million users, 22% of the whole population in the area, characterizing the effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on the epidemic dynamics. We integrate these data into a mechanistic epidemic model calibrated on surveillance data. As of August 1, 2020, we estimate a detection rate of 102 cases per 1000 infections (90% CI: [95–112 per 1000]). We show that the introduction of a full lockdown on May 15, 2020, while causing a modest additional decrease in mobility and contacts with respect to previous NPIs, was decisive in bringing the epidemic under control, highlighting the importance of a timely governmental response to COVID-19 outbreaks. We find that the impact of NPIs on individuals’ mobility correlates with the Human Development Index of comunas in the city. Indeed, more developed and wealthier areas became more isolated after government interventions and experienced a significantly lower burden of the pandemic. The heterogeneity of COVID-19 impact raises important issues in the implementation of NPIs and highlights the challenges that communities affected by systemic health and social inequalities face adapting their behaviors during an epidemic. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8065143 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80651432021-05-11 Estimating the effect of social inequalities on the mitigation of COVID-19 across communities in Santiago de Chile Gozzi, Nicolò Tizzoni, Michele Chinazzi, Matteo Ferres, Leo Vespignani, Alessandro Perra, Nicola Nat Commun Article We study the spatio-temporal spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Santiago de Chile using anonymized mobile phone data from 1.4 million users, 22% of the whole population in the area, characterizing the effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on the epidemic dynamics. We integrate these data into a mechanistic epidemic model calibrated on surveillance data. As of August 1, 2020, we estimate a detection rate of 102 cases per 1000 infections (90% CI: [95–112 per 1000]). We show that the introduction of a full lockdown on May 15, 2020, while causing a modest additional decrease in mobility and contacts with respect to previous NPIs, was decisive in bringing the epidemic under control, highlighting the importance of a timely governmental response to COVID-19 outbreaks. We find that the impact of NPIs on individuals’ mobility correlates with the Human Development Index of comunas in the city. Indeed, more developed and wealthier areas became more isolated after government interventions and experienced a significantly lower burden of the pandemic. The heterogeneity of COVID-19 impact raises important issues in the implementation of NPIs and highlights the challenges that communities affected by systemic health and social inequalities face adapting their behaviors during an epidemic. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-04-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8065143/ /pubmed/33893279 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22601-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Gozzi, Nicolò Tizzoni, Michele Chinazzi, Matteo Ferres, Leo Vespignani, Alessandro Perra, Nicola Estimating the effect of social inequalities on the mitigation of COVID-19 across communities in Santiago de Chile |
title | Estimating the effect of social inequalities on the mitigation of COVID-19 across communities in Santiago de Chile |
title_full | Estimating the effect of social inequalities on the mitigation of COVID-19 across communities in Santiago de Chile |
title_fullStr | Estimating the effect of social inequalities on the mitigation of COVID-19 across communities in Santiago de Chile |
title_full_unstemmed | Estimating the effect of social inequalities on the mitigation of COVID-19 across communities in Santiago de Chile |
title_short | Estimating the effect of social inequalities on the mitigation of COVID-19 across communities in Santiago de Chile |
title_sort | estimating the effect of social inequalities on the mitigation of covid-19 across communities in santiago de chile |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8065143/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33893279 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22601-6 |
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