Cargando…
Sex differences in brain aging among adults with family history of Alzheimer’s disease and APOE4 genetic risk
Emerging evidence suggests that Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) risk factors may differentially contribute to disease trajectory in women than men. Determining the effect of AD risk factors on brain aging in women, compared to men, is critical for understanding whether there are sex differences in the path...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8065341/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33857772 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102620 |
_version_ | 1783682319700197376 |
---|---|
author | Subramaniapillai, Sivaniya Rajagopal, Sricharana Snytte, Jamie Otto, A. Ross Einstein, Gillian Rajah, M. Natasha |
author_facet | Subramaniapillai, Sivaniya Rajagopal, Sricharana Snytte, Jamie Otto, A. Ross Einstein, Gillian Rajah, M. Natasha |
author_sort | Subramaniapillai, Sivaniya |
collection | PubMed |
description | Emerging evidence suggests that Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) risk factors may differentially contribute to disease trajectory in women than men. Determining the effect of AD risk factors on brain aging in women, compared to men, is critical for understanding whether there are sex differences in the pathways towards AD in cognitively intact but at-risk adults. Brain Age Gap (BAG) is a concept used increasingly as a measure of brain health; BAG is defined as the difference between predicted age (based on structural MRI) and chronological age, with negative values reflecting preserved brain health with age. Using BAG, we investigated whether there were sex differences in the brain effects of AD risk factors (i.e., family history of AD, and carrying an apolipoprotein E ε4 allele [+APOE4]) in cognitively intact adults, and if this relationship was moderated by modifiable factors (i.e. body mass index [BMI], blood pressure and physical activity). We undertook a cross-sectional study of structural MRIs from 1067 cognitively normal adults across four neuroimaging datasets. An elastic net regression model found that women with a family history of AD and +APOE4 genotype had more advanced brain aging than their male counterparts. In a sub-cohort of women with those risk factors, higher BMI was associated with less brain aging whereas lower BMI was not. In a sub-cohort of women and men with +APOE4, engaging in physical activity was more beneficial to men’s brain aging than women’s. Our results demonstrate that AD risk factors are associated with greater brain aging in women than men, although there may be more unexplored modifiable factors that influence this relationship. These findings suggest that the complex interplay between unmodifiable and modifiable AD risk factors can potentially protect against brain aging in women and men. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8065341 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80653412021-04-27 Sex differences in brain aging among adults with family history of Alzheimer’s disease and APOE4 genetic risk Subramaniapillai, Sivaniya Rajagopal, Sricharana Snytte, Jamie Otto, A. Ross Einstein, Gillian Rajah, M. Natasha Neuroimage Clin Regular Article Emerging evidence suggests that Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) risk factors may differentially contribute to disease trajectory in women than men. Determining the effect of AD risk factors on brain aging in women, compared to men, is critical for understanding whether there are sex differences in the pathways towards AD in cognitively intact but at-risk adults. Brain Age Gap (BAG) is a concept used increasingly as a measure of brain health; BAG is defined as the difference between predicted age (based on structural MRI) and chronological age, with negative values reflecting preserved brain health with age. Using BAG, we investigated whether there were sex differences in the brain effects of AD risk factors (i.e., family history of AD, and carrying an apolipoprotein E ε4 allele [+APOE4]) in cognitively intact adults, and if this relationship was moderated by modifiable factors (i.e. body mass index [BMI], blood pressure and physical activity). We undertook a cross-sectional study of structural MRIs from 1067 cognitively normal adults across four neuroimaging datasets. An elastic net regression model found that women with a family history of AD and +APOE4 genotype had more advanced brain aging than their male counterparts. In a sub-cohort of women with those risk factors, higher BMI was associated with less brain aging whereas lower BMI was not. In a sub-cohort of women and men with +APOE4, engaging in physical activity was more beneficial to men’s brain aging than women’s. Our results demonstrate that AD risk factors are associated with greater brain aging in women than men, although there may be more unexplored modifiable factors that influence this relationship. These findings suggest that the complex interplay between unmodifiable and modifiable AD risk factors can potentially protect against brain aging in women and men. Elsevier 2021-03-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8065341/ /pubmed/33857772 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102620 Text en Crown Copyright © 2021 Published by Elsevier Inc. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Regular Article Subramaniapillai, Sivaniya Rajagopal, Sricharana Snytte, Jamie Otto, A. Ross Einstein, Gillian Rajah, M. Natasha Sex differences in brain aging among adults with family history of Alzheimer’s disease and APOE4 genetic risk |
title | Sex differences in brain aging among adults with family history of Alzheimer’s disease and APOE4 genetic risk |
title_full | Sex differences in brain aging among adults with family history of Alzheimer’s disease and APOE4 genetic risk |
title_fullStr | Sex differences in brain aging among adults with family history of Alzheimer’s disease and APOE4 genetic risk |
title_full_unstemmed | Sex differences in brain aging among adults with family history of Alzheimer’s disease and APOE4 genetic risk |
title_short | Sex differences in brain aging among adults with family history of Alzheimer’s disease and APOE4 genetic risk |
title_sort | sex differences in brain aging among adults with family history of alzheimer’s disease and apoe4 genetic risk |
topic | Regular Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8065341/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33857772 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102620 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT subramaniapillaisivaniya sexdifferencesinbrainagingamongadultswithfamilyhistoryofalzheimersdiseaseandapoe4geneticrisk AT rajagopalsricharana sexdifferencesinbrainagingamongadultswithfamilyhistoryofalzheimersdiseaseandapoe4geneticrisk AT snyttejamie sexdifferencesinbrainagingamongadultswithfamilyhistoryofalzheimersdiseaseandapoe4geneticrisk AT ottoaross sexdifferencesinbrainagingamongadultswithfamilyhistoryofalzheimersdiseaseandapoe4geneticrisk AT sexdifferencesinbrainagingamongadultswithfamilyhistoryofalzheimersdiseaseandapoe4geneticrisk AT einsteingillian sexdifferencesinbrainagingamongadultswithfamilyhistoryofalzheimersdiseaseandapoe4geneticrisk AT rajahmnatasha sexdifferencesinbrainagingamongadultswithfamilyhistoryofalzheimersdiseaseandapoe4geneticrisk |