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The Effect of Vasopressin Antagonists on Maternal-Separation-Induced Ultrasonic Vocalization and Stress-Hormone Level Increase during the Early Postnatal Period
In adults, vasopressin exerts an anxiogenic effect, but less is known about the perinatal period. As a sign of distress, rat pups emit ultrasonic vocalizations when they are separated from their mothers, known as maternal separation-induced ultrasonic vocalization (MS-USV). Previously, reduced MS-US...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8065579/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33808441 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11040444 |
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author | Török, Bibiána Fodor, Anna Zsebők, Sándor Sipos, Eszter Zelena, Dóra |
author_facet | Török, Bibiána Fodor, Anna Zsebők, Sándor Sipos, Eszter Zelena, Dóra |
author_sort | Török, Bibiána |
collection | PubMed |
description | In adults, vasopressin exerts an anxiogenic effect, but less is known about the perinatal period. As a sign of distress, rat pups emit ultrasonic vocalizations when they are separated from their mothers, known as maternal separation-induced ultrasonic vocalization (MS-USV). Previously, reduced MS-USV was reported in 7–8-day-old genetically vasopressin-deficient Brattleboro rats. Here, we aimed to examine the contributing vasopressin receptor (VR) subtypes using Wistar pups. MS-USV was recorded for 10 min, 30 min after vasopressin (V) 1aR, V1bR or V2R antagonist treatment (SR49059, SSR149415, SR121463B; 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg, intraperitoneal). Sedation was studied by the righting reflex and negative geotaxis, and finally, the stress hormone levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. The vasopressin-deficient pups showed decreased MS-USV and adrenocorticotropin levels even after a saline injection, with unchanged corticosterone levels. Thirty mg/kg of V1aR-antagonist increased the corticosterone levels. All V1bR antagonist doses decreased the MS-USV and adrenocorticotropin, while 10 + 10 mg/kg of V1aR and V1bR antagonists decreased MS-USV without influencing the stress hormones. Three mg/kg of V2R antagonist enhanced MS-USV, while 30 mg/kg increased the stress hormone levels. We confirmed that vasopressin deficiency already caused anxiolytic effects in pups. V1bRs are the most important player in connection with their adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-regulatory role, but a combination of V1aR and V1bR antagonists might be also beneficial through other mechanisms, reducing the possibility of side effects. In contrast, antagonizing the V2Rs may be stressful due to an induction of imbalance in saltwater homeostasis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8065579 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80655792021-04-25 The Effect of Vasopressin Antagonists on Maternal-Separation-Induced Ultrasonic Vocalization and Stress-Hormone Level Increase during the Early Postnatal Period Török, Bibiána Fodor, Anna Zsebők, Sándor Sipos, Eszter Zelena, Dóra Brain Sci Article In adults, vasopressin exerts an anxiogenic effect, but less is known about the perinatal period. As a sign of distress, rat pups emit ultrasonic vocalizations when they are separated from their mothers, known as maternal separation-induced ultrasonic vocalization (MS-USV). Previously, reduced MS-USV was reported in 7–8-day-old genetically vasopressin-deficient Brattleboro rats. Here, we aimed to examine the contributing vasopressin receptor (VR) subtypes using Wistar pups. MS-USV was recorded for 10 min, 30 min after vasopressin (V) 1aR, V1bR or V2R antagonist treatment (SR49059, SSR149415, SR121463B; 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg, intraperitoneal). Sedation was studied by the righting reflex and negative geotaxis, and finally, the stress hormone levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. The vasopressin-deficient pups showed decreased MS-USV and adrenocorticotropin levels even after a saline injection, with unchanged corticosterone levels. Thirty mg/kg of V1aR-antagonist increased the corticosterone levels. All V1bR antagonist doses decreased the MS-USV and adrenocorticotropin, while 10 + 10 mg/kg of V1aR and V1bR antagonists decreased MS-USV without influencing the stress hormones. Three mg/kg of V2R antagonist enhanced MS-USV, while 30 mg/kg increased the stress hormone levels. We confirmed that vasopressin deficiency already caused anxiolytic effects in pups. V1bRs are the most important player in connection with their adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-regulatory role, but a combination of V1aR and V1bR antagonists might be also beneficial through other mechanisms, reducing the possibility of side effects. In contrast, antagonizing the V2Rs may be stressful due to an induction of imbalance in saltwater homeostasis. MDPI 2021-03-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8065579/ /pubmed/33808441 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11040444 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Török, Bibiána Fodor, Anna Zsebők, Sándor Sipos, Eszter Zelena, Dóra The Effect of Vasopressin Antagonists on Maternal-Separation-Induced Ultrasonic Vocalization and Stress-Hormone Level Increase during the Early Postnatal Period |
title | The Effect of Vasopressin Antagonists on Maternal-Separation-Induced Ultrasonic Vocalization and Stress-Hormone Level Increase during the Early Postnatal Period |
title_full | The Effect of Vasopressin Antagonists on Maternal-Separation-Induced Ultrasonic Vocalization and Stress-Hormone Level Increase during the Early Postnatal Period |
title_fullStr | The Effect of Vasopressin Antagonists on Maternal-Separation-Induced Ultrasonic Vocalization and Stress-Hormone Level Increase during the Early Postnatal Period |
title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Vasopressin Antagonists on Maternal-Separation-Induced Ultrasonic Vocalization and Stress-Hormone Level Increase during the Early Postnatal Period |
title_short | The Effect of Vasopressin Antagonists on Maternal-Separation-Induced Ultrasonic Vocalization and Stress-Hormone Level Increase during the Early Postnatal Period |
title_sort | effect of vasopressin antagonists on maternal-separation-induced ultrasonic vocalization and stress-hormone level increase during the early postnatal period |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8065579/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33808441 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11040444 |
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