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Impacts of Microcystins on Morphological and Physiological Parameters of Agricultural Plants: A Review
Cyanobacteria are a group of photosynthetic prokaryotes that pose a great concern in the aquatic environments related to contamination and poisoning of wild life and humans. Some species of cyanobacteria produce potent toxins such as microcystins (MCs), which are extremely aggressive to several orga...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8065763/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33800599 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10040639 |
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author | Campos, Alexandre Redouane, El Mahdi Freitas, Marisa Amaral, Samuel Azevedo, Tomé Loss, Leticia Máthé, Csaba Mohamed, Zakaria A. Oudra, Brahim Vasconcelos, Vitor |
author_facet | Campos, Alexandre Redouane, El Mahdi Freitas, Marisa Amaral, Samuel Azevedo, Tomé Loss, Leticia Máthé, Csaba Mohamed, Zakaria A. Oudra, Brahim Vasconcelos, Vitor |
author_sort | Campos, Alexandre |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cyanobacteria are a group of photosynthetic prokaryotes that pose a great concern in the aquatic environments related to contamination and poisoning of wild life and humans. Some species of cyanobacteria produce potent toxins such as microcystins (MCs), which are extremely aggressive to several organisms, including animals and humans. In order to protect human health and prevent human exposure to this type of organisms and toxins, regulatory limits for MCs in drinking water have been established in most countries. In this regard, the World Health Organization (WHO) proposed 1 µg MCs/L as the highest acceptable concentration in drinking water. However, regulatory limits were not defined in waters used in other applications/activities, constituting a potential threat to the environment and to human health. Indeed, water contaminated with MCs or other cyanotoxins is recurrently used in agriculture and for crop and food production. Several deleterious effects of MCs including a decrease in growth, tissue necrosis, inhibition of photosynthesis and metabolic changes have been reported in plants leading to the impairment of crop productivity and economic loss. Studies have also revealed significant accumulation of MCs in edible tissues and plant organs, which raise concerns related to food safety. This work aims to systematize and analyze the information generated by previous scientific studies, namely on the phytotoxicity and the impact of MCs especially on growth, photosynthesis and productivity of agricultural plants. Morphological and physiological parameters of agronomic interest are overviewed in detail in this work, with the aim to evaluate the putative impact of MCs under field conditions. Finally, concentration-dependent effects are highlighted, as these can assist in future guidelines for irrigation waters and establish regulatory limits for MCs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8065763 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80657632021-04-25 Impacts of Microcystins on Morphological and Physiological Parameters of Agricultural Plants: A Review Campos, Alexandre Redouane, El Mahdi Freitas, Marisa Amaral, Samuel Azevedo, Tomé Loss, Leticia Máthé, Csaba Mohamed, Zakaria A. Oudra, Brahim Vasconcelos, Vitor Plants (Basel) Review Cyanobacteria are a group of photosynthetic prokaryotes that pose a great concern in the aquatic environments related to contamination and poisoning of wild life and humans. Some species of cyanobacteria produce potent toxins such as microcystins (MCs), which are extremely aggressive to several organisms, including animals and humans. In order to protect human health and prevent human exposure to this type of organisms and toxins, regulatory limits for MCs in drinking water have been established in most countries. In this regard, the World Health Organization (WHO) proposed 1 µg MCs/L as the highest acceptable concentration in drinking water. However, regulatory limits were not defined in waters used in other applications/activities, constituting a potential threat to the environment and to human health. Indeed, water contaminated with MCs or other cyanotoxins is recurrently used in agriculture and for crop and food production. Several deleterious effects of MCs including a decrease in growth, tissue necrosis, inhibition of photosynthesis and metabolic changes have been reported in plants leading to the impairment of crop productivity and economic loss. Studies have also revealed significant accumulation of MCs in edible tissues and plant organs, which raise concerns related to food safety. This work aims to systematize and analyze the information generated by previous scientific studies, namely on the phytotoxicity and the impact of MCs especially on growth, photosynthesis and productivity of agricultural plants. Morphological and physiological parameters of agronomic interest are overviewed in detail in this work, with the aim to evaluate the putative impact of MCs under field conditions. Finally, concentration-dependent effects are highlighted, as these can assist in future guidelines for irrigation waters and establish regulatory limits for MCs. MDPI 2021-03-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8065763/ /pubmed/33800599 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10040639 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ). |
spellingShingle | Review Campos, Alexandre Redouane, El Mahdi Freitas, Marisa Amaral, Samuel Azevedo, Tomé Loss, Leticia Máthé, Csaba Mohamed, Zakaria A. Oudra, Brahim Vasconcelos, Vitor Impacts of Microcystins on Morphological and Physiological Parameters of Agricultural Plants: A Review |
title | Impacts of Microcystins on Morphological and Physiological Parameters of Agricultural Plants: A Review |
title_full | Impacts of Microcystins on Morphological and Physiological Parameters of Agricultural Plants: A Review |
title_fullStr | Impacts of Microcystins on Morphological and Physiological Parameters of Agricultural Plants: A Review |
title_full_unstemmed | Impacts of Microcystins on Morphological and Physiological Parameters of Agricultural Plants: A Review |
title_short | Impacts of Microcystins on Morphological and Physiological Parameters of Agricultural Plants: A Review |
title_sort | impacts of microcystins on morphological and physiological parameters of agricultural plants: a review |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8065763/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33800599 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10040639 |
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