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Immunological Aspects Related to Viral Infections in Severe Asthma and the Role of Omalizumab
Viral respiratory infections are recognized risk factors for the loss of control of allergic asthma and the induction of exacerbations, both in adults and children. Severe asthma is more susceptible to virus-induced asthma exacerbations, especially in the presence of high IgE levels. In the course o...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8066139/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33808197 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9040348 |
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author | Menzella, Francesco Ghidoni, Giulia Galeone, Carla Capobelli, Silvia Scelfo, Chiara Facciolongo, Nicola Cosimo |
author_facet | Menzella, Francesco Ghidoni, Giulia Galeone, Carla Capobelli, Silvia Scelfo, Chiara Facciolongo, Nicola Cosimo |
author_sort | Menzella, Francesco |
collection | PubMed |
description | Viral respiratory infections are recognized risk factors for the loss of control of allergic asthma and the induction of exacerbations, both in adults and children. Severe asthma is more susceptible to virus-induced asthma exacerbations, especially in the presence of high IgE levels. In the course of immune responses to viruses, an initial activation of innate immunity typically occurs and the production of type I and III interferons is essential in the control of viral spread. However, the Th2 inflammatory environment still appears to be protective against viral infections in general and in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections as well. As for now, literature data, although extremely limited and preliminary, show that severe asthma patients treated with biologics don’t have an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection or progression to severe forms compared to the non-asthmatic population. Omalizumab, an anti-IgE monoclonal antibody, exerts a profound cellular effect, which can stabilize the effector cells, and is becoming much more efficient from the point of view of innate immunity in contrasting respiratory viral infections. In addition to the antiviral effect, clinical efficacy and safety of this biological allow a great improvement in the management of asthma. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8066139 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80661392021-04-25 Immunological Aspects Related to Viral Infections in Severe Asthma and the Role of Omalizumab Menzella, Francesco Ghidoni, Giulia Galeone, Carla Capobelli, Silvia Scelfo, Chiara Facciolongo, Nicola Cosimo Biomedicines Review Viral respiratory infections are recognized risk factors for the loss of control of allergic asthma and the induction of exacerbations, both in adults and children. Severe asthma is more susceptible to virus-induced asthma exacerbations, especially in the presence of high IgE levels. In the course of immune responses to viruses, an initial activation of innate immunity typically occurs and the production of type I and III interferons is essential in the control of viral spread. However, the Th2 inflammatory environment still appears to be protective against viral infections in general and in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections as well. As for now, literature data, although extremely limited and preliminary, show that severe asthma patients treated with biologics don’t have an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection or progression to severe forms compared to the non-asthmatic population. Omalizumab, an anti-IgE monoclonal antibody, exerts a profound cellular effect, which can stabilize the effector cells, and is becoming much more efficient from the point of view of innate immunity in contrasting respiratory viral infections. In addition to the antiviral effect, clinical efficacy and safety of this biological allow a great improvement in the management of asthma. MDPI 2021-03-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8066139/ /pubmed/33808197 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9040348 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ). |
spellingShingle | Review Menzella, Francesco Ghidoni, Giulia Galeone, Carla Capobelli, Silvia Scelfo, Chiara Facciolongo, Nicola Cosimo Immunological Aspects Related to Viral Infections in Severe Asthma and the Role of Omalizumab |
title | Immunological Aspects Related to Viral Infections in Severe Asthma and the Role of Omalizumab |
title_full | Immunological Aspects Related to Viral Infections in Severe Asthma and the Role of Omalizumab |
title_fullStr | Immunological Aspects Related to Viral Infections in Severe Asthma and the Role of Omalizumab |
title_full_unstemmed | Immunological Aspects Related to Viral Infections in Severe Asthma and the Role of Omalizumab |
title_short | Immunological Aspects Related to Viral Infections in Severe Asthma and the Role of Omalizumab |
title_sort | immunological aspects related to viral infections in severe asthma and the role of omalizumab |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8066139/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33808197 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9040348 |
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