Cargando…

Qualitative Nitrogen Malnutrition Damages Gut and Alters Microbiome in Adult Mice. A Preliminary Histopathological Study

Amino-acids (AAs) are the exclusive source of nitrogen for cells. AAs result from the breakdown of food proteins and are absorbed by mucosa of the small intestine that act as a barrier to harmful materials. The quality of food proteins may differ, since it reflects content in Essential-AAs (EAAs) an...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Corsetti, Giovanni, Romano, Claudia, Pasini, Evasio, Testa, Cristian, Dioguardi, Francesco S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8066208/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33810512
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13041089
_version_ 1783682520892571648
author Corsetti, Giovanni
Romano, Claudia
Pasini, Evasio
Testa, Cristian
Dioguardi, Francesco S.
author_facet Corsetti, Giovanni
Romano, Claudia
Pasini, Evasio
Testa, Cristian
Dioguardi, Francesco S.
author_sort Corsetti, Giovanni
collection PubMed
description Amino-acids (AAs) are the exclusive source of nitrogen for cells. AAs result from the breakdown of food proteins and are absorbed by mucosa of the small intestine that act as a barrier to harmful materials. The quality of food proteins may differ, since it reflects content in Essential-AAs (EAAs) and digestibility but, until now, attention was paid mainly to the interaction between indigested proteins as a whole and microbiota. The link between microbiome and quality of proteins has been poorly studied, although these metabolic interactions are becoming more significant in different illnesses. We studied the effects of a special diet containing unbalanced EAAs/Non-EAAs ratio, providing excess of Non-EAAs, on the histopathology of gut epithelium and on the microbiome in adult mice, as model of qualitative malnutrition. Excess in Non-EAAs have unfavorable quick effect on body weight, gut cells, and microbiome, promoting weakening of the intestinal barrier. Re-feeding these animals with standard diet partially reversed the body alterations. The results prove that an unbalanced EAAs/Non-EAAs ratio is primarily responsible for microbiome modifications, not vice-versa. Therefore, treating microbiota independently by treating co-existing qualitative malnutrition does not make sense. This study also provides a reproducible model of sarcopenia-wasting cachexia like the human protein malnutrition.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8066208
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-80662082021-04-25 Qualitative Nitrogen Malnutrition Damages Gut and Alters Microbiome in Adult Mice. A Preliminary Histopathological Study Corsetti, Giovanni Romano, Claudia Pasini, Evasio Testa, Cristian Dioguardi, Francesco S. Nutrients Article Amino-acids (AAs) are the exclusive source of nitrogen for cells. AAs result from the breakdown of food proteins and are absorbed by mucosa of the small intestine that act as a barrier to harmful materials. The quality of food proteins may differ, since it reflects content in Essential-AAs (EAAs) and digestibility but, until now, attention was paid mainly to the interaction between indigested proteins as a whole and microbiota. The link between microbiome and quality of proteins has been poorly studied, although these metabolic interactions are becoming more significant in different illnesses. We studied the effects of a special diet containing unbalanced EAAs/Non-EAAs ratio, providing excess of Non-EAAs, on the histopathology of gut epithelium and on the microbiome in adult mice, as model of qualitative malnutrition. Excess in Non-EAAs have unfavorable quick effect on body weight, gut cells, and microbiome, promoting weakening of the intestinal barrier. Re-feeding these animals with standard diet partially reversed the body alterations. The results prove that an unbalanced EAAs/Non-EAAs ratio is primarily responsible for microbiome modifications, not vice-versa. Therefore, treating microbiota independently by treating co-existing qualitative malnutrition does not make sense. This study also provides a reproducible model of sarcopenia-wasting cachexia like the human protein malnutrition. MDPI 2021-03-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8066208/ /pubmed/33810512 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13041089 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ).
spellingShingle Article
Corsetti, Giovanni
Romano, Claudia
Pasini, Evasio
Testa, Cristian
Dioguardi, Francesco S.
Qualitative Nitrogen Malnutrition Damages Gut and Alters Microbiome in Adult Mice. A Preliminary Histopathological Study
title Qualitative Nitrogen Malnutrition Damages Gut and Alters Microbiome in Adult Mice. A Preliminary Histopathological Study
title_full Qualitative Nitrogen Malnutrition Damages Gut and Alters Microbiome in Adult Mice. A Preliminary Histopathological Study
title_fullStr Qualitative Nitrogen Malnutrition Damages Gut and Alters Microbiome in Adult Mice. A Preliminary Histopathological Study
title_full_unstemmed Qualitative Nitrogen Malnutrition Damages Gut and Alters Microbiome in Adult Mice. A Preliminary Histopathological Study
title_short Qualitative Nitrogen Malnutrition Damages Gut and Alters Microbiome in Adult Mice. A Preliminary Histopathological Study
title_sort qualitative nitrogen malnutrition damages gut and alters microbiome in adult mice. a preliminary histopathological study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8066208/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33810512
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13041089
work_keys_str_mv AT corsettigiovanni qualitativenitrogenmalnutritiondamagesgutandaltersmicrobiomeinadultmiceapreliminaryhistopathologicalstudy
AT romanoclaudia qualitativenitrogenmalnutritiondamagesgutandaltersmicrobiomeinadultmiceapreliminaryhistopathologicalstudy
AT pasinievasio qualitativenitrogenmalnutritiondamagesgutandaltersmicrobiomeinadultmiceapreliminaryhistopathologicalstudy
AT testacristian qualitativenitrogenmalnutritiondamagesgutandaltersmicrobiomeinadultmiceapreliminaryhistopathologicalstudy
AT dioguardifrancescos qualitativenitrogenmalnutritiondamagesgutandaltersmicrobiomeinadultmiceapreliminaryhistopathologicalstudy