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HPV Type-Specific Prevalence a Decade after the Implementation of the Vaccination Program: Results from a Pilot Study

Human papillomavirus infection is a cause of the development of invasive cervical cancer. Three types of vaccine are currently available to prevent precancerous/cancerous lesions due to persistent infection, which is supported mainly by 7 different high-risk genotypes. The aim of this pilot study wa...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Fappani, Clara, Bianchi, Silvia, Panatto, Donatella, Petrelli, Fabio, Colzani, Daniela, Scuri, Stefania, Gori, Maria, Amendola, Antonella, Grappasonni, Iolanda, Tanzi, Elisabetta, Amicizia, Daniela
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8066234/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33916132
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9040336
Descripción
Sumario:Human papillomavirus infection is a cause of the development of invasive cervical cancer. Three types of vaccine are currently available to prevent precancerous/cancerous lesions due to persistent infection, which is supported mainly by 7 different high-risk genotypes. The aim of this pilot study was to acquire preliminary data on type-specific prevalence 10 years after the implementation of the HPV vaccination program in Italy, in order to subsequently plan appropriate observational studies in the Italian population. First-voided urine samples were collected from 393 consenting subjects, both females and males, aged 18–40 years, and HPV DNA was detected by PCR amplification of a 450 bp L1 fragment. All amplified products were genotyped by means of the Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) method. The female population was divided into three cohorts (“vaccine-eligible”, “pre-screening” and “screening” cohorts) according to the preventive intervention scheduled by age; males were included in the same three cohorts according to their year of birth. The overall prevalence of HPV infection was 19%, being higher in females than in males (22.1% vs. 13.6%, p = 0.03729). In the female population, 10 years after the start of the national immunization program, we observed a reduction in the prevalence of vaccine types and the number of circulating genotypes, especially in the “vaccine-eligible” cohort. The frequency of HPV vaccine types increased with age, particularly in males in the “pre-screening” and “screening” cohorts. Our study highlights the importance of monitoring HPV infection in both genders, to validate the effect of the HPV vaccination program.