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Beneficial Role of Exercise in the Modulation of mdx Muscle Plastic Remodeling and Oxidative Stress

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive progressive lethal disorder caused by the lack of dystrophin, which determines myofibers mechanical instability, oxidative stress, inflammation, and susceptibility to contraction-induced injuries. Unfortunately, at present, there is no effic...

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Autores principales: Frinchi, Monica, Morici, Giuseppe, Mudó, Giuseppa, Bonsignore, Maria R., Di Liberto, Valentina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8066278/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33916762
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10040558
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author Frinchi, Monica
Morici, Giuseppe
Mudó, Giuseppa
Bonsignore, Maria R.
Di Liberto, Valentina
author_facet Frinchi, Monica
Morici, Giuseppe
Mudó, Giuseppa
Bonsignore, Maria R.
Di Liberto, Valentina
author_sort Frinchi, Monica
collection PubMed
description Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive progressive lethal disorder caused by the lack of dystrophin, which determines myofibers mechanical instability, oxidative stress, inflammation, and susceptibility to contraction-induced injuries. Unfortunately, at present, there is no efficient therapy for DMD. Beyond several promising gene- and stem cells-based strategies under investigation, physical activity may represent a valid noninvasive therapeutic approach to slow down the progression of the pathology. However, ethical issues, the limited number of studies in humans and the lack of consistency of the investigated training interventions generate loss of consensus regarding their efficacy, leaving exercise prescription still questionable. By an accurate analysis of data about the effects of different protocol of exercise on muscles of mdx mice, the most widely-used pre-clinical model for DMD research, we found that low intensity exercise, especially in the form of low speed treadmill running, likely represents the most suitable exercise modality associated to beneficial effects on mdx muscle. This protocol of training reduces muscle oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis process, and enhances muscle functionality, muscle regeneration, and hypertrophy. These conclusions can guide the design of appropriate studies on human, thereby providing new insights to translational therapeutic application of exercise to DMD patients.
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spelling pubmed-80662782021-04-25 Beneficial Role of Exercise in the Modulation of mdx Muscle Plastic Remodeling and Oxidative Stress Frinchi, Monica Morici, Giuseppe Mudó, Giuseppa Bonsignore, Maria R. Di Liberto, Valentina Antioxidants (Basel) Review Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive progressive lethal disorder caused by the lack of dystrophin, which determines myofibers mechanical instability, oxidative stress, inflammation, and susceptibility to contraction-induced injuries. Unfortunately, at present, there is no efficient therapy for DMD. Beyond several promising gene- and stem cells-based strategies under investigation, physical activity may represent a valid noninvasive therapeutic approach to slow down the progression of the pathology. However, ethical issues, the limited number of studies in humans and the lack of consistency of the investigated training interventions generate loss of consensus regarding their efficacy, leaving exercise prescription still questionable. By an accurate analysis of data about the effects of different protocol of exercise on muscles of mdx mice, the most widely-used pre-clinical model for DMD research, we found that low intensity exercise, especially in the form of low speed treadmill running, likely represents the most suitable exercise modality associated to beneficial effects on mdx muscle. This protocol of training reduces muscle oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis process, and enhances muscle functionality, muscle regeneration, and hypertrophy. These conclusions can guide the design of appropriate studies on human, thereby providing new insights to translational therapeutic application of exercise to DMD patients. MDPI 2021-04-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8066278/ /pubmed/33916762 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10040558 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Frinchi, Monica
Morici, Giuseppe
Mudó, Giuseppa
Bonsignore, Maria R.
Di Liberto, Valentina
Beneficial Role of Exercise in the Modulation of mdx Muscle Plastic Remodeling and Oxidative Stress
title Beneficial Role of Exercise in the Modulation of mdx Muscle Plastic Remodeling and Oxidative Stress
title_full Beneficial Role of Exercise in the Modulation of mdx Muscle Plastic Remodeling and Oxidative Stress
title_fullStr Beneficial Role of Exercise in the Modulation of mdx Muscle Plastic Remodeling and Oxidative Stress
title_full_unstemmed Beneficial Role of Exercise in the Modulation of mdx Muscle Plastic Remodeling and Oxidative Stress
title_short Beneficial Role of Exercise in the Modulation of mdx Muscle Plastic Remodeling and Oxidative Stress
title_sort beneficial role of exercise in the modulation of mdx muscle plastic remodeling and oxidative stress
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8066278/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33916762
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10040558
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