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Exposure Impacts of Diquat dibromide herbicide formulation on amphibian larval development

Many anthropogenic chemicals in general, and specifically aquatic herbicide formulations have the potential to modulate the thyroid pathways of the endocrine system of aquatic organisms, because they are normally applied directly into the aquatic system, to manage aquatic weeds. These thyroidal effe...

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Autores principales: Babalola, Oluwaseun Olusegun, van Wyk, Hannes Johannes
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8066383/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33912705
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06700
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author Babalola, Oluwaseun Olusegun
van Wyk, Hannes Johannes
author_facet Babalola, Oluwaseun Olusegun
van Wyk, Hannes Johannes
author_sort Babalola, Oluwaseun Olusegun
collection PubMed
description Many anthropogenic chemicals in general, and specifically aquatic herbicide formulations have the potential to modulate the thyroid pathways of the endocrine system of aquatic organisms, because they are normally applied directly into the aquatic system, to manage aquatic weeds. These thyroidal effects have been widely linked with disruption in developmental and reproductive processes. In fact, the exposure impacts of many of these substances on metamorphic organisms could produce a precocious metamorphosis. Using Xenopus Metamorphosis Assay (XEMA) protocol, this study assessed the thyroidal effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of Diquat dibromide at 0.05, 0.11, and 0.14 mg/L on Xenopus laevis metamorphosis. The formulation significantly reduced both the fore and hind limb lengths, and disrupted the developmental stage at concentrations of 0.11 and 0.14 mg/L, with a median at NF-stage 57, while median of NF-stage 60 was recorded in the control. Histopathologically, although there was no significant difference in thyroid gland area, the thyroid colloidal area was significantly reduced at 0.14 mg/L, while the mean height of the thyroid follicle increased at 0.05 mg/L The result indicates an extra-thyroidal pathway, due to the dissociation between stage developmental effects and thyroid histopathology. The role of stress pathway occasioned by oxidative mode of action, involving lipid peroxidation and cell damage observed in this study need further investigation, in order to further characterize the physiological and ecological effects on wildlife.
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spelling pubmed-80663832021-04-27 Exposure Impacts of Diquat dibromide herbicide formulation on amphibian larval development Babalola, Oluwaseun Olusegun van Wyk, Hannes Johannes Heliyon Research Article Many anthropogenic chemicals in general, and specifically aquatic herbicide formulations have the potential to modulate the thyroid pathways of the endocrine system of aquatic organisms, because they are normally applied directly into the aquatic system, to manage aquatic weeds. These thyroidal effects have been widely linked with disruption in developmental and reproductive processes. In fact, the exposure impacts of many of these substances on metamorphic organisms could produce a precocious metamorphosis. Using Xenopus Metamorphosis Assay (XEMA) protocol, this study assessed the thyroidal effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of Diquat dibromide at 0.05, 0.11, and 0.14 mg/L on Xenopus laevis metamorphosis. The formulation significantly reduced both the fore and hind limb lengths, and disrupted the developmental stage at concentrations of 0.11 and 0.14 mg/L, with a median at NF-stage 57, while median of NF-stage 60 was recorded in the control. Histopathologically, although there was no significant difference in thyroid gland area, the thyroid colloidal area was significantly reduced at 0.14 mg/L, while the mean height of the thyroid follicle increased at 0.05 mg/L The result indicates an extra-thyroidal pathway, due to the dissociation between stage developmental effects and thyroid histopathology. The role of stress pathway occasioned by oxidative mode of action, involving lipid peroxidation and cell damage observed in this study need further investigation, in order to further characterize the physiological and ecological effects on wildlife. Elsevier 2021-04-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8066383/ /pubmed/33912705 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06700 Text en © 2021 Published by Elsevier Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Research Article
Babalola, Oluwaseun Olusegun
van Wyk, Hannes Johannes
Exposure Impacts of Diquat dibromide herbicide formulation on amphibian larval development
title Exposure Impacts of Diquat dibromide herbicide formulation on amphibian larval development
title_full Exposure Impacts of Diquat dibromide herbicide formulation on amphibian larval development
title_fullStr Exposure Impacts of Diquat dibromide herbicide formulation on amphibian larval development
title_full_unstemmed Exposure Impacts of Diquat dibromide herbicide formulation on amphibian larval development
title_short Exposure Impacts of Diquat dibromide herbicide formulation on amphibian larval development
title_sort exposure impacts of diquat dibromide herbicide formulation on amphibian larval development
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8066383/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33912705
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06700
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