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Exposure Impacts of Diquat dibromide herbicide formulation on amphibian larval development
Many anthropogenic chemicals in general, and specifically aquatic herbicide formulations have the potential to modulate the thyroid pathways of the endocrine system of aquatic organisms, because they are normally applied directly into the aquatic system, to manage aquatic weeds. These thyroidal effe...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8066383/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33912705 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06700 |
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author | Babalola, Oluwaseun Olusegun van Wyk, Hannes Johannes |
author_facet | Babalola, Oluwaseun Olusegun van Wyk, Hannes Johannes |
author_sort | Babalola, Oluwaseun Olusegun |
collection | PubMed |
description | Many anthropogenic chemicals in general, and specifically aquatic herbicide formulations have the potential to modulate the thyroid pathways of the endocrine system of aquatic organisms, because they are normally applied directly into the aquatic system, to manage aquatic weeds. These thyroidal effects have been widely linked with disruption in developmental and reproductive processes. In fact, the exposure impacts of many of these substances on metamorphic organisms could produce a precocious metamorphosis. Using Xenopus Metamorphosis Assay (XEMA) protocol, this study assessed the thyroidal effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of Diquat dibromide at 0.05, 0.11, and 0.14 mg/L on Xenopus laevis metamorphosis. The formulation significantly reduced both the fore and hind limb lengths, and disrupted the developmental stage at concentrations of 0.11 and 0.14 mg/L, with a median at NF-stage 57, while median of NF-stage 60 was recorded in the control. Histopathologically, although there was no significant difference in thyroid gland area, the thyroid colloidal area was significantly reduced at 0.14 mg/L, while the mean height of the thyroid follicle increased at 0.05 mg/L The result indicates an extra-thyroidal pathway, due to the dissociation between stage developmental effects and thyroid histopathology. The role of stress pathway occasioned by oxidative mode of action, involving lipid peroxidation and cell damage observed in this study need further investigation, in order to further characterize the physiological and ecological effects on wildlife. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8066383 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80663832021-04-27 Exposure Impacts of Diquat dibromide herbicide formulation on amphibian larval development Babalola, Oluwaseun Olusegun van Wyk, Hannes Johannes Heliyon Research Article Many anthropogenic chemicals in general, and specifically aquatic herbicide formulations have the potential to modulate the thyroid pathways of the endocrine system of aquatic organisms, because they are normally applied directly into the aquatic system, to manage aquatic weeds. These thyroidal effects have been widely linked with disruption in developmental and reproductive processes. In fact, the exposure impacts of many of these substances on metamorphic organisms could produce a precocious metamorphosis. Using Xenopus Metamorphosis Assay (XEMA) protocol, this study assessed the thyroidal effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of Diquat dibromide at 0.05, 0.11, and 0.14 mg/L on Xenopus laevis metamorphosis. The formulation significantly reduced both the fore and hind limb lengths, and disrupted the developmental stage at concentrations of 0.11 and 0.14 mg/L, with a median at NF-stage 57, while median of NF-stage 60 was recorded in the control. Histopathologically, although there was no significant difference in thyroid gland area, the thyroid colloidal area was significantly reduced at 0.14 mg/L, while the mean height of the thyroid follicle increased at 0.05 mg/L The result indicates an extra-thyroidal pathway, due to the dissociation between stage developmental effects and thyroid histopathology. The role of stress pathway occasioned by oxidative mode of action, involving lipid peroxidation and cell damage observed in this study need further investigation, in order to further characterize the physiological and ecological effects on wildlife. Elsevier 2021-04-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8066383/ /pubmed/33912705 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06700 Text en © 2021 Published by Elsevier Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Research Article Babalola, Oluwaseun Olusegun van Wyk, Hannes Johannes Exposure Impacts of Diquat dibromide herbicide formulation on amphibian larval development |
title | Exposure Impacts of Diquat dibromide herbicide formulation on amphibian larval development |
title_full | Exposure Impacts of Diquat dibromide herbicide formulation on amphibian larval development |
title_fullStr | Exposure Impacts of Diquat dibromide herbicide formulation on amphibian larval development |
title_full_unstemmed | Exposure Impacts of Diquat dibromide herbicide formulation on amphibian larval development |
title_short | Exposure Impacts of Diquat dibromide herbicide formulation on amphibian larval development |
title_sort | exposure impacts of diquat dibromide herbicide formulation on amphibian larval development |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8066383/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33912705 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06700 |
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