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Recent Advances in Biomedical, Therapeutic and Pharmaceutical Applications of Microbial Surfactants

The spread of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens typically existing in biofilm formation and the recent COVID-19 pandemic, although unrelated phenomena, have demonstrated the urgent need for methods to combat such increasing threats. New avenues of research for natural molecules with desirable proper...

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Autores principales: Ceresa, Chiara, Fracchia, Letizia, Fedeli, Emanuele, Porta, Chiara, Banat, Ibrahim M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8067001/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33808361
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13040466
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author Ceresa, Chiara
Fracchia, Letizia
Fedeli, Emanuele
Porta, Chiara
Banat, Ibrahim M.
author_facet Ceresa, Chiara
Fracchia, Letizia
Fedeli, Emanuele
Porta, Chiara
Banat, Ibrahim M.
author_sort Ceresa, Chiara
collection PubMed
description The spread of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens typically existing in biofilm formation and the recent COVID-19 pandemic, although unrelated phenomena, have demonstrated the urgent need for methods to combat such increasing threats. New avenues of research for natural molecules with desirable properties to alleviate this situation have, therefore, been expanding. Biosurfactants comprise a group of unique and varied amphiphilic molecules of microbial origin capable of interacting with lipidic membranes/components of microorganisms and altering their physicochemical properties. These features have encouraged closer investigations of these microbial metabolites as new pharmaceutics with potential applications in clinical, hygiene and therapeutic fields. Mounting evidence has indicated that biosurfactants have antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antiviral, immunomodulatory and antiproliferative activities that are exploitable in new anticancer treatments and wound healing applications. Some biosurfactants have already been approved for use in clinical, food and environmental fields, while others are currently under investigation and development as antimicrobials or adjuvants to antibiotics for microbial suppression and biofilm eradication strategies. Moreover, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, biosurfactants are now being explored as an alternative to current products or procedures for effective cleaning and handwash formulations, antiviral plastic and fabric surface coating agents for shields and masks. In addition, biosurfactants have shown promise as drug delivery systems and in the medicinal relief of symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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spelling pubmed-80670012021-04-25 Recent Advances in Biomedical, Therapeutic and Pharmaceutical Applications of Microbial Surfactants Ceresa, Chiara Fracchia, Letizia Fedeli, Emanuele Porta, Chiara Banat, Ibrahim M. Pharmaceutics Review The spread of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens typically existing in biofilm formation and the recent COVID-19 pandemic, although unrelated phenomena, have demonstrated the urgent need for methods to combat such increasing threats. New avenues of research for natural molecules with desirable properties to alleviate this situation have, therefore, been expanding. Biosurfactants comprise a group of unique and varied amphiphilic molecules of microbial origin capable of interacting with lipidic membranes/components of microorganisms and altering their physicochemical properties. These features have encouraged closer investigations of these microbial metabolites as new pharmaceutics with potential applications in clinical, hygiene and therapeutic fields. Mounting evidence has indicated that biosurfactants have antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antiviral, immunomodulatory and antiproliferative activities that are exploitable in new anticancer treatments and wound healing applications. Some biosurfactants have already been approved for use in clinical, food and environmental fields, while others are currently under investigation and development as antimicrobials or adjuvants to antibiotics for microbial suppression and biofilm eradication strategies. Moreover, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, biosurfactants are now being explored as an alternative to current products or procedures for effective cleaning and handwash formulations, antiviral plastic and fabric surface coating agents for shields and masks. In addition, biosurfactants have shown promise as drug delivery systems and in the medicinal relief of symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 acute respiratory distress syndrome. MDPI 2021-03-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8067001/ /pubmed/33808361 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13040466 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Ceresa, Chiara
Fracchia, Letizia
Fedeli, Emanuele
Porta, Chiara
Banat, Ibrahim M.
Recent Advances in Biomedical, Therapeutic and Pharmaceutical Applications of Microbial Surfactants
title Recent Advances in Biomedical, Therapeutic and Pharmaceutical Applications of Microbial Surfactants
title_full Recent Advances in Biomedical, Therapeutic and Pharmaceutical Applications of Microbial Surfactants
title_fullStr Recent Advances in Biomedical, Therapeutic and Pharmaceutical Applications of Microbial Surfactants
title_full_unstemmed Recent Advances in Biomedical, Therapeutic and Pharmaceutical Applications of Microbial Surfactants
title_short Recent Advances in Biomedical, Therapeutic and Pharmaceutical Applications of Microbial Surfactants
title_sort recent advances in biomedical, therapeutic and pharmaceutical applications of microbial surfactants
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8067001/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33808361
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13040466
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