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Role of Neonatal Biomarkers of Exposure to Psychoactive Substances to Identify Maternal Socio-Demographic Determinants
SIMPLE SUMMARY: The rapid identification of newborns exposure to psychoactive drugs allows an appropriate clinical care. This study tried to identify maternal profiles that help to identify newborns exposed to psychoactive drugs during pregnancy. Mothers were interviewed using a questionnaire. The b...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8067052/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33916618 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10040296 |
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author | Jarque, Pilar Roca, Antonia Gomila, Isabel Marchei, Emilia Tittarelli, Roberta Elorza, Miguel Ángel Sanchís, Pilar Barceló, Bernardino |
author_facet | Jarque, Pilar Roca, Antonia Gomila, Isabel Marchei, Emilia Tittarelli, Roberta Elorza, Miguel Ángel Sanchís, Pilar Barceló, Bernardino |
author_sort | Jarque, Pilar |
collection | PubMed |
description | SIMPLE SUMMARY: The rapid identification of newborns exposure to psychoactive drugs allows an appropriate clinical care. This study tried to identify maternal profiles that help to identify newborns exposed to psychoactive drugs during pregnancy. Mothers were interviewed using a questionnaire. The biomarkers of fetal exposure were measured in meconium samples. Statistical analysis was performed to identify the maternal characteristics that were most likely to be associated with drug use during pregnancy. Of a total of 372 mothers, 49 (13.2%) tested positive for psychoactive drugs use: 24 (49.0%) for cannabis, 11 (22.5%) for ethyl glucuronide, six (12.2%) for cocaine, and eight (16.3%) for more than one psychoactive substance. The maternal characteristics that most likely identify substance use during pregnancy are: maternal age < 24 years, lack of pregnancy care, single-mother families, and active tobacco smoking. The profiles of prenatal maternal exposure identified in a clinical setting can be used to request specific detection tests for identifying newborns exposed to these drugs. ABSTRACT: Background: The accurate assessment of fetal exposure to psychoactive substances provides the basis for appropriate clinical care of neonates. The objective of this study was to identify maternal socio-demographic profiles and risk factors for prenatal exposure to drugs of abuse by measuring biomarkers in neonatal matrices. Methods: A prospective, observational cohort study was completed. Biomarkers of fetal exposure were measured in meconium samples. The mothers were interviewed using a questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: A total of 372 mothers were included, 49 (13.2%) testing positive for psychoactive substances use: 24 (49.0%) for cannabis, 11 (22.5%) for ethyl glucuronide, six (12.2%) for cocaine, and in eight (16.3%) more than one psychoactive substance. Mothers who consumed any psychoactive substance (29.7 ± 6.6 years) or cannabis (27.0 ± 5.7 years) were younger than non-users (32.8 ± 6.2 years, p < 0.05). Cocaine (50.0% vs. 96.9%, p < 0.05) and polydrug users (37.5% vs. 96.9%, p < 0.05) showed a lower levels of pregnancy care. Previous abortions were associated with the use of two or more psychoactive substances (87.5% vs. 37.8%, p < 0.05). Single-mother families (14.3% vs. 2.5%, p < 0.05) and mothers with primary level education (75.5% vs. 55.1%, p < 0.05) presented a higher consumption of psychoactive substances. Independent risk factors that are associated with prenatal exposure include: maternal age < 24 years (odds ratio: 2.56; 95% CI: 1.12–5.87), lack of pregnancy care (odds ratio: 7.27; 95%CI: 2.51–21.02), single-mother families (odds ratio: 4.98; 95%CI: 1.37–8.13), and active tobacco smoking (odds ratio: 8.13; 95%CI: 4.03–16.43). Conclusions: These results will allow us to develop several risk-based drug screening approaches to improve the early detection of exposed neonates. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8067052 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80670522021-04-25 Role of Neonatal Biomarkers of Exposure to Psychoactive Substances to Identify Maternal Socio-Demographic Determinants Jarque, Pilar Roca, Antonia Gomila, Isabel Marchei, Emilia Tittarelli, Roberta Elorza, Miguel Ángel Sanchís, Pilar Barceló, Bernardino Biology (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: The rapid identification of newborns exposure to psychoactive drugs allows an appropriate clinical care. This study tried to identify maternal profiles that help to identify newborns exposed to psychoactive drugs during pregnancy. Mothers were interviewed using a questionnaire. The biomarkers of fetal exposure were measured in meconium samples. Statistical analysis was performed to identify the maternal characteristics that were most likely to be associated with drug use during pregnancy. Of a total of 372 mothers, 49 (13.2%) tested positive for psychoactive drugs use: 24 (49.0%) for cannabis, 11 (22.5%) for ethyl glucuronide, six (12.2%) for cocaine, and eight (16.3%) for more than one psychoactive substance. The maternal characteristics that most likely identify substance use during pregnancy are: maternal age < 24 years, lack of pregnancy care, single-mother families, and active tobacco smoking. The profiles of prenatal maternal exposure identified in a clinical setting can be used to request specific detection tests for identifying newborns exposed to these drugs. ABSTRACT: Background: The accurate assessment of fetal exposure to psychoactive substances provides the basis for appropriate clinical care of neonates. The objective of this study was to identify maternal socio-demographic profiles and risk factors for prenatal exposure to drugs of abuse by measuring biomarkers in neonatal matrices. Methods: A prospective, observational cohort study was completed. Biomarkers of fetal exposure were measured in meconium samples. The mothers were interviewed using a questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: A total of 372 mothers were included, 49 (13.2%) testing positive for psychoactive substances use: 24 (49.0%) for cannabis, 11 (22.5%) for ethyl glucuronide, six (12.2%) for cocaine, and in eight (16.3%) more than one psychoactive substance. Mothers who consumed any psychoactive substance (29.7 ± 6.6 years) or cannabis (27.0 ± 5.7 years) were younger than non-users (32.8 ± 6.2 years, p < 0.05). Cocaine (50.0% vs. 96.9%, p < 0.05) and polydrug users (37.5% vs. 96.9%, p < 0.05) showed a lower levels of pregnancy care. Previous abortions were associated with the use of two or more psychoactive substances (87.5% vs. 37.8%, p < 0.05). Single-mother families (14.3% vs. 2.5%, p < 0.05) and mothers with primary level education (75.5% vs. 55.1%, p < 0.05) presented a higher consumption of psychoactive substances. Independent risk factors that are associated with prenatal exposure include: maternal age < 24 years (odds ratio: 2.56; 95% CI: 1.12–5.87), lack of pregnancy care (odds ratio: 7.27; 95%CI: 2.51–21.02), single-mother families (odds ratio: 4.98; 95%CI: 1.37–8.13), and active tobacco smoking (odds ratio: 8.13; 95%CI: 4.03–16.43). Conclusions: These results will allow us to develop several risk-based drug screening approaches to improve the early detection of exposed neonates. MDPI 2021-04-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8067052/ /pubmed/33916618 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10040296 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Jarque, Pilar Roca, Antonia Gomila, Isabel Marchei, Emilia Tittarelli, Roberta Elorza, Miguel Ángel Sanchís, Pilar Barceló, Bernardino Role of Neonatal Biomarkers of Exposure to Psychoactive Substances to Identify Maternal Socio-Demographic Determinants |
title | Role of Neonatal Biomarkers of Exposure to Psychoactive Substances to Identify Maternal Socio-Demographic Determinants |
title_full | Role of Neonatal Biomarkers of Exposure to Psychoactive Substances to Identify Maternal Socio-Demographic Determinants |
title_fullStr | Role of Neonatal Biomarkers of Exposure to Psychoactive Substances to Identify Maternal Socio-Demographic Determinants |
title_full_unstemmed | Role of Neonatal Biomarkers of Exposure to Psychoactive Substances to Identify Maternal Socio-Demographic Determinants |
title_short | Role of Neonatal Biomarkers of Exposure to Psychoactive Substances to Identify Maternal Socio-Demographic Determinants |
title_sort | role of neonatal biomarkers of exposure to psychoactive substances to identify maternal socio-demographic determinants |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8067052/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33916618 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10040296 |
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