Visualizing Glioma Infiltration by the Combination of Multimodality Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, a Systematic Review of the Literature

The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature concerning the integration of multimodality imaging with artificial intelligence methods for visualization of tumor cell infiltration in glioma patients. The review was performed in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science and yielded 1304 results. 14 studies were included in the qualitative analysis. The reference standard for tumor infiltration was either histopathology or recurrence on image follow-up. Critical assessment was performed according to the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS2). All studies concluded their findings to be of significant value for future clinical practice. Diagnostic test accuracy reached an area under the curve of 0.74–0.91 reported in six studies. There was no consensus with regard to included image modalities, models or training and test strategies. The integration of artificial intelligence with multiparametric imaging shows promise for visualizing tumor cell infiltration in glioma patients. This approach can possibly optimize surgical resection margins and help provide personalized radiotherapy planning.