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Biological and Acoustic Sex Differences in Rat Ultrasonic Vocalization
The rat model is a useful tool for understanding peripheral and central mechanisms of laryngeal biology. Rats produce ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) that have communicative intent and are altered by experimental conditions such as social environment, stress, diet, drugs, age, and neurological disea...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8067311/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33916537 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11040459 |
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author | Lenell, Charles Broadfoot, Courtney K. Schaen-Heacock, Nicole E. Ciucci, Michelle R. |
author_facet | Lenell, Charles Broadfoot, Courtney K. Schaen-Heacock, Nicole E. Ciucci, Michelle R. |
author_sort | Lenell, Charles |
collection | PubMed |
description | The rat model is a useful tool for understanding peripheral and central mechanisms of laryngeal biology. Rats produce ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) that have communicative intent and are altered by experimental conditions such as social environment, stress, diet, drugs, age, and neurological diseases, validating the rat model’s utility for studying communication and related deficits. Sex differences are apparent in both the rat larynx and USV acoustics and are differentially affected by experimental conditions. Therefore, the purpose of this review paper is to highlight the known sex differences in rat USV production, acoustics, and laryngeal biology detailed in the literature across the lifespan. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8067311 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80673112021-04-25 Biological and Acoustic Sex Differences in Rat Ultrasonic Vocalization Lenell, Charles Broadfoot, Courtney K. Schaen-Heacock, Nicole E. Ciucci, Michelle R. Brain Sci Review The rat model is a useful tool for understanding peripheral and central mechanisms of laryngeal biology. Rats produce ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) that have communicative intent and are altered by experimental conditions such as social environment, stress, diet, drugs, age, and neurological diseases, validating the rat model’s utility for studying communication and related deficits. Sex differences are apparent in both the rat larynx and USV acoustics and are differentially affected by experimental conditions. Therefore, the purpose of this review paper is to highlight the known sex differences in rat USV production, acoustics, and laryngeal biology detailed in the literature across the lifespan. MDPI 2021-04-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8067311/ /pubmed/33916537 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11040459 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Lenell, Charles Broadfoot, Courtney K. Schaen-Heacock, Nicole E. Ciucci, Michelle R. Biological and Acoustic Sex Differences in Rat Ultrasonic Vocalization |
title | Biological and Acoustic Sex Differences in Rat Ultrasonic Vocalization |
title_full | Biological and Acoustic Sex Differences in Rat Ultrasonic Vocalization |
title_fullStr | Biological and Acoustic Sex Differences in Rat Ultrasonic Vocalization |
title_full_unstemmed | Biological and Acoustic Sex Differences in Rat Ultrasonic Vocalization |
title_short | Biological and Acoustic Sex Differences in Rat Ultrasonic Vocalization |
title_sort | biological and acoustic sex differences in rat ultrasonic vocalization |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8067311/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33916537 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11040459 |
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