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Genomic Structure of the Porcine CYP19 Locus and Expression of the CYP19A3 Paralog

Proper, tissue-specific regulation of CYP19, the gene encoding aromatase, the key enzyme of estrogen synthesis, is essential for reproductive processes. Here, we analyzed transcriptional regulation of the porcine CYP19 in female and male gonads and brain by 5’RACE and RT-PCR and comprehensively mapp...

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Autores principales: Vanselow, Jens, Conley, Alan J., Corbin, Cynthia J., Berger, Trish
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8067493/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33917597
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12040533
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author Vanselow, Jens
Conley, Alan J.
Corbin, Cynthia J.
Berger, Trish
author_facet Vanselow, Jens
Conley, Alan J.
Corbin, Cynthia J.
Berger, Trish
author_sort Vanselow, Jens
collection PubMed
description Proper, tissue-specific regulation of CYP19, the gene encoding aromatase, the key enzyme of estrogen synthesis, is essential for reproductive processes. Here, we analyzed transcriptional regulation of the porcine CYP19 in female and male gonads and brain by 5’RACE and RT-PCR and comprehensively mapped the pig CYP19 locus by in silico analysis. Our data revealed that the complete locus, including three paralogous copies, CYP19A1, CYP19A2 and CYP19A3, spans approximately 330 kb of the porcine chromosome 1. The locus also harbors the first exon of the Gliomedin gene (GLDN) in reverse orientation. Only transcripts of the CYP19A3 paralog were substantially expressed in gonads and hypothalamus. We identified CYP19A3-associated untranslated exons approximately 160 kb and 50 kb distal from the first codon. The 5´ untranslated regions of transcripts were derived from either a proximal or from one of these distal untranslated exons. Transcripts including only untranslated exons could be amplified from testis, thus suggesting long non-coding transcripts. The data revealed an additional layer of complexity in the regulation of the porcine CYP19 locus. Tissue-specific expression is not only achieved by tissue- and stage-specific expression of the three different CYP19 paralogs, but also by directing the expression of CYP19A3 from different, proximal and distal promoter regions.
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spelling pubmed-80674932021-04-25 Genomic Structure of the Porcine CYP19 Locus and Expression of the CYP19A3 Paralog Vanselow, Jens Conley, Alan J. Corbin, Cynthia J. Berger, Trish Genes (Basel) Article Proper, tissue-specific regulation of CYP19, the gene encoding aromatase, the key enzyme of estrogen synthesis, is essential for reproductive processes. Here, we analyzed transcriptional regulation of the porcine CYP19 in female and male gonads and brain by 5’RACE and RT-PCR and comprehensively mapped the pig CYP19 locus by in silico analysis. Our data revealed that the complete locus, including three paralogous copies, CYP19A1, CYP19A2 and CYP19A3, spans approximately 330 kb of the porcine chromosome 1. The locus also harbors the first exon of the Gliomedin gene (GLDN) in reverse orientation. Only transcripts of the CYP19A3 paralog were substantially expressed in gonads and hypothalamus. We identified CYP19A3-associated untranslated exons approximately 160 kb and 50 kb distal from the first codon. The 5´ untranslated regions of transcripts were derived from either a proximal or from one of these distal untranslated exons. Transcripts including only untranslated exons could be amplified from testis, thus suggesting long non-coding transcripts. The data revealed an additional layer of complexity in the regulation of the porcine CYP19 locus. Tissue-specific expression is not only achieved by tissue- and stage-specific expression of the three different CYP19 paralogs, but also by directing the expression of CYP19A3 from different, proximal and distal promoter regions. MDPI 2021-04-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8067493/ /pubmed/33917597 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12040533 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Vanselow, Jens
Conley, Alan J.
Corbin, Cynthia J.
Berger, Trish
Genomic Structure of the Porcine CYP19 Locus and Expression of the CYP19A3 Paralog
title Genomic Structure of the Porcine CYP19 Locus and Expression of the CYP19A3 Paralog
title_full Genomic Structure of the Porcine CYP19 Locus and Expression of the CYP19A3 Paralog
title_fullStr Genomic Structure of the Porcine CYP19 Locus and Expression of the CYP19A3 Paralog
title_full_unstemmed Genomic Structure of the Porcine CYP19 Locus and Expression of the CYP19A3 Paralog
title_short Genomic Structure of the Porcine CYP19 Locus and Expression of the CYP19A3 Paralog
title_sort genomic structure of the porcine cyp19 locus and expression of the cyp19a3 paralog
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8067493/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33917597
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12040533
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