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Could MicroRNAs Be Useful Tools to Improve the Diagnosis and Treatment of Rare Gynecological Cancers? A Brief Overview

Gynecological cancers pose an important public health issue, with a high incidence among women of all ages. Gynecological cancers such as malignant germ-cell tumors, sex-cord-stromal tumors, uterine sarcomas and carcinosarcomas, gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, vulvar carcinoma and melanoma of t...

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Autores principales: Di Fiore, Riccardo, Suleiman, Sherif, Pentimalli, Francesca, O’Toole, Sharon A., O’Leary, John J., Ward, Mark P., Conlon, Neil T., Sabol, Maja, Ozretić, Petar, Erson-Bensan, Ayse Elif, Reed, Nicholas, Giordano, Antonio, Herrington, C. Simon, Calleja-Agius, Jean
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8067678/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33917022
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22083822
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author Di Fiore, Riccardo
Suleiman, Sherif
Pentimalli, Francesca
O’Toole, Sharon A.
O’Leary, John J.
Ward, Mark P.
Conlon, Neil T.
Sabol, Maja
Ozretić, Petar
Erson-Bensan, Ayse Elif
Reed, Nicholas
Giordano, Antonio
Herrington, C. Simon
Calleja-Agius, Jean
author_facet Di Fiore, Riccardo
Suleiman, Sherif
Pentimalli, Francesca
O’Toole, Sharon A.
O’Leary, John J.
Ward, Mark P.
Conlon, Neil T.
Sabol, Maja
Ozretić, Petar
Erson-Bensan, Ayse Elif
Reed, Nicholas
Giordano, Antonio
Herrington, C. Simon
Calleja-Agius, Jean
author_sort Di Fiore, Riccardo
collection PubMed
description Gynecological cancers pose an important public health issue, with a high incidence among women of all ages. Gynecological cancers such as malignant germ-cell tumors, sex-cord-stromal tumors, uterine sarcomas and carcinosarcomas, gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, vulvar carcinoma and melanoma of the female genital tract, are defined as rare with an annual incidence of <6 per 100,000 women. Rare gynecological cancers (RGCs) are associated with poor prognosis, and given the low incidence of each entity, there is the risk of delayed diagnosis due to clinical inexperience and limited therapeutic options. There has been a growing interest in the field of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs of ∼22 nucleotides in length, because of their potential to regulate diverse biological processes. miRNAs usually induce mRNA degradation and translational repression by interacting with the 3′ untranslated region (3′-UTR) of target mRNAs, as well as other regions and gene promoters, as well as activating translation or regulating transcription under certain conditions. Recent research has revealed the enormous promise of miRNAs for improving the diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of all major gynecological cancers. However, to date, only a few studies have been performed on RGCs. In this review, we summarize the data currently available regarding RGCs.
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spelling pubmed-80676782021-04-25 Could MicroRNAs Be Useful Tools to Improve the Diagnosis and Treatment of Rare Gynecological Cancers? A Brief Overview Di Fiore, Riccardo Suleiman, Sherif Pentimalli, Francesca O’Toole, Sharon A. O’Leary, John J. Ward, Mark P. Conlon, Neil T. Sabol, Maja Ozretić, Petar Erson-Bensan, Ayse Elif Reed, Nicholas Giordano, Antonio Herrington, C. Simon Calleja-Agius, Jean Int J Mol Sci Review Gynecological cancers pose an important public health issue, with a high incidence among women of all ages. Gynecological cancers such as malignant germ-cell tumors, sex-cord-stromal tumors, uterine sarcomas and carcinosarcomas, gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, vulvar carcinoma and melanoma of the female genital tract, are defined as rare with an annual incidence of <6 per 100,000 women. Rare gynecological cancers (RGCs) are associated with poor prognosis, and given the low incidence of each entity, there is the risk of delayed diagnosis due to clinical inexperience and limited therapeutic options. There has been a growing interest in the field of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs of ∼22 nucleotides in length, because of their potential to regulate diverse biological processes. miRNAs usually induce mRNA degradation and translational repression by interacting with the 3′ untranslated region (3′-UTR) of target mRNAs, as well as other regions and gene promoters, as well as activating translation or regulating transcription under certain conditions. Recent research has revealed the enormous promise of miRNAs for improving the diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of all major gynecological cancers. However, to date, only a few studies have been performed on RGCs. In this review, we summarize the data currently available regarding RGCs. MDPI 2021-04-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8067678/ /pubmed/33917022 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22083822 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Di Fiore, Riccardo
Suleiman, Sherif
Pentimalli, Francesca
O’Toole, Sharon A.
O’Leary, John J.
Ward, Mark P.
Conlon, Neil T.
Sabol, Maja
Ozretić, Petar
Erson-Bensan, Ayse Elif
Reed, Nicholas
Giordano, Antonio
Herrington, C. Simon
Calleja-Agius, Jean
Could MicroRNAs Be Useful Tools to Improve the Diagnosis and Treatment of Rare Gynecological Cancers? A Brief Overview
title Could MicroRNAs Be Useful Tools to Improve the Diagnosis and Treatment of Rare Gynecological Cancers? A Brief Overview
title_full Could MicroRNAs Be Useful Tools to Improve the Diagnosis and Treatment of Rare Gynecological Cancers? A Brief Overview
title_fullStr Could MicroRNAs Be Useful Tools to Improve the Diagnosis and Treatment of Rare Gynecological Cancers? A Brief Overview
title_full_unstemmed Could MicroRNAs Be Useful Tools to Improve the Diagnosis and Treatment of Rare Gynecological Cancers? A Brief Overview
title_short Could MicroRNAs Be Useful Tools to Improve the Diagnosis and Treatment of Rare Gynecological Cancers? A Brief Overview
title_sort could micrornas be useful tools to improve the diagnosis and treatment of rare gynecological cancers? a brief overview
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8067678/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33917022
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22083822
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