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Toward Homogenous Antibody Drug Conjugates Using Enzyme-Based Conjugation Approaches
In the last few decades, antibody-based diagnostic and therapeutic applications have been well established in medicine and have revolutionized cancer managements by improving tumor detection and treatment. Antibodies are unique medical elements due to their powerful properties of being able to recog...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8068374/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33917962 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph14040343 |
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author | Hussain, Ahmad Fawzi Grimm, Armin Sheng, Wenjie Zhang, Chaoyu Al-Rawe, Marwah Bräutigam, Karen Abu Mraheil, Mobarak Zeppernick, Felix Meinhold-Heerlein, Ivo |
author_facet | Hussain, Ahmad Fawzi Grimm, Armin Sheng, Wenjie Zhang, Chaoyu Al-Rawe, Marwah Bräutigam, Karen Abu Mraheil, Mobarak Zeppernick, Felix Meinhold-Heerlein, Ivo |
author_sort | Hussain, Ahmad Fawzi |
collection | PubMed |
description | In the last few decades, antibody-based diagnostic and therapeutic applications have been well established in medicine and have revolutionized cancer managements by improving tumor detection and treatment. Antibodies are unique medical elements due to their powerful properties of being able to recognize specific antigens and their therapeutic mechanisms such as blocking specific pathways, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, and complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Furthermore, modification techniques have paved the way for improving antibody properties and to develop new classes of antibody-conjugate-based diagnostic and therapeutic agents. These techniques allow arming antibodies with various effector molecules. However, these techniques are utilizing the most frequently used amino acid residues for bioconjugation, such as cysteine and lysine. These bioconjugation approaches generate heterogeneous products with different functional and safety profiles. This is mainly due to the abundance of lysine and cysteine side chains. To overcome these limitations, different site-direct conjugation methods have been applied to arm the antibodies with therapeutic or diagnostics molecules to generate unified antibody conjugates with tailored properties. This review summarizes some of the enzyme-based site-specific conjugation approaches. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8068374 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80683742021-04-25 Toward Homogenous Antibody Drug Conjugates Using Enzyme-Based Conjugation Approaches Hussain, Ahmad Fawzi Grimm, Armin Sheng, Wenjie Zhang, Chaoyu Al-Rawe, Marwah Bräutigam, Karen Abu Mraheil, Mobarak Zeppernick, Felix Meinhold-Heerlein, Ivo Pharmaceuticals (Basel) Review In the last few decades, antibody-based diagnostic and therapeutic applications have been well established in medicine and have revolutionized cancer managements by improving tumor detection and treatment. Antibodies are unique medical elements due to their powerful properties of being able to recognize specific antigens and their therapeutic mechanisms such as blocking specific pathways, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, and complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Furthermore, modification techniques have paved the way for improving antibody properties and to develop new classes of antibody-conjugate-based diagnostic and therapeutic agents. These techniques allow arming antibodies with various effector molecules. However, these techniques are utilizing the most frequently used amino acid residues for bioconjugation, such as cysteine and lysine. These bioconjugation approaches generate heterogeneous products with different functional and safety profiles. This is mainly due to the abundance of lysine and cysteine side chains. To overcome these limitations, different site-direct conjugation methods have been applied to arm the antibodies with therapeutic or diagnostics molecules to generate unified antibody conjugates with tailored properties. This review summarizes some of the enzyme-based site-specific conjugation approaches. MDPI 2021-04-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8068374/ /pubmed/33917962 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph14040343 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Hussain, Ahmad Fawzi Grimm, Armin Sheng, Wenjie Zhang, Chaoyu Al-Rawe, Marwah Bräutigam, Karen Abu Mraheil, Mobarak Zeppernick, Felix Meinhold-Heerlein, Ivo Toward Homogenous Antibody Drug Conjugates Using Enzyme-Based Conjugation Approaches |
title | Toward Homogenous Antibody Drug Conjugates Using Enzyme-Based Conjugation Approaches |
title_full | Toward Homogenous Antibody Drug Conjugates Using Enzyme-Based Conjugation Approaches |
title_fullStr | Toward Homogenous Antibody Drug Conjugates Using Enzyme-Based Conjugation Approaches |
title_full_unstemmed | Toward Homogenous Antibody Drug Conjugates Using Enzyme-Based Conjugation Approaches |
title_short | Toward Homogenous Antibody Drug Conjugates Using Enzyme-Based Conjugation Approaches |
title_sort | toward homogenous antibody drug conjugates using enzyme-based conjugation approaches |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8068374/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33917962 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph14040343 |
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