Trends in Incidence of Urinary Tract Infection in Mainland China from 1990 to 2019

PURPOSE: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the second-most-common type of infection in China. This study aimed to determine the long-term trends in the incidence of UTI in Mainland China between 1990 and 2019. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 and were analyzed with the age–period–cohort framework. RESULTS: The net drift in the incidence of UTI was –0.37% (95% CI: –0.40%, –0.35%) in males and –0.25% (95% CI: –0.29%, –0.20%) in females. For males, the local drift was lower than 0 (P<0.05) among those younger than 90 years. For females, the local drift was lower than 0 (P<0.05) among those younger than 60 years and higher than 0 (P<0.05) in those aged 65–79 years. In the same birth cohort, the incidence of UTI was higher in females than in males in all age groups (P<0.05). The period relative risk (RR) showed a decreasing pattern after 2005 in both sexes. The cohort RR showed a downward trend of the birth cohort after 1905 for males and 1960 for females. CONCLUSION: The incidence has increased significantly among older females over the past 30 years. It is necessary to develop a comprehensive intervention plan for reproductive health services covering females and males of all ages.