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Regulation of Flowering Timing by ABA-NnSnRK1 Signaling Pathway in Lotus
The lotus produces flower buds at each node, yet most of them are aborted because of unfavorable environmental changes and the mechanism remains unclear. In this work, we proposed a potential novel pathway for ABA-mediated flower timing control in the lotus, which was explored by combining molecular...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8069233/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33920313 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22083932 |
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author | Cao, Jing Jin, Qijiang Kuang, Jiaying Wang, Yanjie Xu, Yingchun |
author_facet | Cao, Jing Jin, Qijiang Kuang, Jiaying Wang, Yanjie Xu, Yingchun |
author_sort | Cao, Jing |
collection | PubMed |
description | The lotus produces flower buds at each node, yet most of them are aborted because of unfavorable environmental changes and the mechanism remains unclear. In this work, we proposed a potential novel pathway for ABA-mediated flower timing control in the lotus, which was explored by combining molecular, genetic, transcriptomic, biochemical, and pharmacologic approaches. We found that the aborting flower buds experienced extensive programmed cell death (PCD). The hormonal changes between the normal and aborting flower buds were dominated by abscisic acid (ABA). Seedlings treated with increasing concentrations of ABA exhibited a differential alleviating effect on flower bud abortion, with a maximal response at 80 μM. Transcriptome analysis further confirmed the changes of ABA content and the occurrence of PCD, and indicated the importance of PCD-related SNF1-related protein kinase 1 (NnSnRK1). The NnSnRK1-silenced lotus seedlings showed stronger flowering ability, with their flower:leaf ratio increased by 40%. When seedlings were treated with ABA, the expression level and protein kinase activity of NnSnRK1 significantly decreased. The phenotype of NnSnRK1-silenced seedlings could also be enhanced by ABA treatment and reversed by tungstate treatment. These results suggested that the decline of ABA content in lotus flower buds released its repression of NnSnRK1, which then initiated flower bud abortion. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8069233 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80692332021-04-26 Regulation of Flowering Timing by ABA-NnSnRK1 Signaling Pathway in Lotus Cao, Jing Jin, Qijiang Kuang, Jiaying Wang, Yanjie Xu, Yingchun Int J Mol Sci Article The lotus produces flower buds at each node, yet most of them are aborted because of unfavorable environmental changes and the mechanism remains unclear. In this work, we proposed a potential novel pathway for ABA-mediated flower timing control in the lotus, which was explored by combining molecular, genetic, transcriptomic, biochemical, and pharmacologic approaches. We found that the aborting flower buds experienced extensive programmed cell death (PCD). The hormonal changes between the normal and aborting flower buds were dominated by abscisic acid (ABA). Seedlings treated with increasing concentrations of ABA exhibited a differential alleviating effect on flower bud abortion, with a maximal response at 80 μM. Transcriptome analysis further confirmed the changes of ABA content and the occurrence of PCD, and indicated the importance of PCD-related SNF1-related protein kinase 1 (NnSnRK1). The NnSnRK1-silenced lotus seedlings showed stronger flowering ability, with their flower:leaf ratio increased by 40%. When seedlings were treated with ABA, the expression level and protein kinase activity of NnSnRK1 significantly decreased. The phenotype of NnSnRK1-silenced seedlings could also be enhanced by ABA treatment and reversed by tungstate treatment. These results suggested that the decline of ABA content in lotus flower buds released its repression of NnSnRK1, which then initiated flower bud abortion. MDPI 2021-04-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8069233/ /pubmed/33920313 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22083932 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Cao, Jing Jin, Qijiang Kuang, Jiaying Wang, Yanjie Xu, Yingchun Regulation of Flowering Timing by ABA-NnSnRK1 Signaling Pathway in Lotus |
title | Regulation of Flowering Timing by ABA-NnSnRK1 Signaling Pathway in Lotus |
title_full | Regulation of Flowering Timing by ABA-NnSnRK1 Signaling Pathway in Lotus |
title_fullStr | Regulation of Flowering Timing by ABA-NnSnRK1 Signaling Pathway in Lotus |
title_full_unstemmed | Regulation of Flowering Timing by ABA-NnSnRK1 Signaling Pathway in Lotus |
title_short | Regulation of Flowering Timing by ABA-NnSnRK1 Signaling Pathway in Lotus |
title_sort | regulation of flowering timing by aba-nnsnrk1 signaling pathway in lotus |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8069233/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33920313 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22083932 |
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