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On Landscape Patterns in Typical Mountainous Counties Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River in China
The landscape patterns of plantations (PT) are the results of human disturbances on local vegetation, and in turn, differ greatly from natural forests (NF), since the patterns strongly influence the natural circulation of material and energy. There is a need to understand the differences of landscap...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8069483/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33920283 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084000 |
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author | Yi, Yang Shi, Mingchang Liu, Chunjiang Kang, Hongzhang Wang, Bin |
author_facet | Yi, Yang Shi, Mingchang Liu, Chunjiang Kang, Hongzhang Wang, Bin |
author_sort | Yi, Yang |
collection | PubMed |
description | The landscape patterns of plantations (PT) are the results of human disturbances on local vegetation, and in turn, differ greatly from natural forests (NF), since the patterns strongly influence the natural circulation of material and energy. There is a need to understand the differences of landscape patterns between PT and NF, to establish a near natural afforestation strategy. This study chose three typical silvicultural counties in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River as the research areas and compared the landscape patterns of NF and PT, with other land use types (grassland, GL; cropland, CL; shrubland, SL; orchard, OR; built-up land, BUL; bare land, BL; and water bodies, WB). The results revealed that the areas of PT accounted for 7.67%, 12.05%, and 18.97% of three counties, bigger than GL, OC, BUL, BL, and WB, as one of main land use types. The landscape patterns of PT (mean patch size between 2.06 to 6.05 ha) were more fragmented than NF (mean patch size between 5.83 to 53.91 ha). NF areas increased along the relative altitude gradient, from 0 to 2500 m, while PT areas peaked from 100–1000 m. The higher the altitude, the more typical the zonal distribution of PT, the more aggregated the NF. NF had significant negative correlations with BL, BUL, CL, PT, GL, and OC, which suggest that human activities had seriously interfered with NF. Although PT as an ecological protection strategy was increasing, the landscape patterns of PT were obviously different from NF. This may affect the material energy flow in the ecological environment. The results in the present study have great implications in the other regions in China and the relevant parts of the world where natural forests were heavily disturbed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8069483 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80694832021-04-26 On Landscape Patterns in Typical Mountainous Counties Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River in China Yi, Yang Shi, Mingchang Liu, Chunjiang Kang, Hongzhang Wang, Bin Int J Environ Res Public Health Article The landscape patterns of plantations (PT) are the results of human disturbances on local vegetation, and in turn, differ greatly from natural forests (NF), since the patterns strongly influence the natural circulation of material and energy. There is a need to understand the differences of landscape patterns between PT and NF, to establish a near natural afforestation strategy. This study chose three typical silvicultural counties in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River as the research areas and compared the landscape patterns of NF and PT, with other land use types (grassland, GL; cropland, CL; shrubland, SL; orchard, OR; built-up land, BUL; bare land, BL; and water bodies, WB). The results revealed that the areas of PT accounted for 7.67%, 12.05%, and 18.97% of three counties, bigger than GL, OC, BUL, BL, and WB, as one of main land use types. The landscape patterns of PT (mean patch size between 2.06 to 6.05 ha) were more fragmented than NF (mean patch size between 5.83 to 53.91 ha). NF areas increased along the relative altitude gradient, from 0 to 2500 m, while PT areas peaked from 100–1000 m. The higher the altitude, the more typical the zonal distribution of PT, the more aggregated the NF. NF had significant negative correlations with BL, BUL, CL, PT, GL, and OC, which suggest that human activities had seriously interfered with NF. Although PT as an ecological protection strategy was increasing, the landscape patterns of PT were obviously different from NF. This may affect the material energy flow in the ecological environment. The results in the present study have great implications in the other regions in China and the relevant parts of the world where natural forests were heavily disturbed. MDPI 2021-04-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8069483/ /pubmed/33920283 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084000 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Yi, Yang Shi, Mingchang Liu, Chunjiang Kang, Hongzhang Wang, Bin On Landscape Patterns in Typical Mountainous Counties Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River in China |
title | On Landscape Patterns in Typical Mountainous Counties Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River in China |
title_full | On Landscape Patterns in Typical Mountainous Counties Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River in China |
title_fullStr | On Landscape Patterns in Typical Mountainous Counties Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River in China |
title_full_unstemmed | On Landscape Patterns in Typical Mountainous Counties Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River in China |
title_short | On Landscape Patterns in Typical Mountainous Counties Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River in China |
title_sort | on landscape patterns in typical mountainous counties middle reaches of the yangtze river in china |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8069483/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33920283 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084000 |
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