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Stabilized High Clay Content Lateritic Soil Using Cement-FGD Gypsum Mixtures for Road Subbase Applications

With a lack of standard lateritic soil for use in road construction, suitable economical and sustainable soil-stabilization techniques are in demand. This study aimed to examine flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum, a by-product of coal power plants, for use in soil–cement stabilization, specifical...

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Autores principales: Maichin, Phattharachai, Jitsangiam, Peerapong, Nongnuang, Toon, Boonserm, Kornkanok, Nusit, Korakod, Pra-ai, Suriyavut, Binaree, Theechalit, Aryupong, Chuchoke
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8069758/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33918054
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14081858
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author Maichin, Phattharachai
Jitsangiam, Peerapong
Nongnuang, Toon
Boonserm, Kornkanok
Nusit, Korakod
Pra-ai, Suriyavut
Binaree, Theechalit
Aryupong, Chuchoke
author_facet Maichin, Phattharachai
Jitsangiam, Peerapong
Nongnuang, Toon
Boonserm, Kornkanok
Nusit, Korakod
Pra-ai, Suriyavut
Binaree, Theechalit
Aryupong, Chuchoke
author_sort Maichin, Phattharachai
collection PubMed
description With a lack of standard lateritic soil for use in road construction, suitable economical and sustainable soil-stabilization techniques are in demand. This study aimed to examine flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum, a by-product of coal power plants, for use in soil–cement stabilization, specifically for ability to strengthen poor high-clay, lateritic soil but with a lower cement content. A series of compaction tests and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were performed in conjunction with scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses. Therefore, the strength development and the role of FGD gypsum in the soil–cement–FGD gypsum mixtures with varying cement and FGD gypsum contents were characterized in this study. The study results showed that adding FGD gypsum can enhance the strength of the stabilized substandard lateritic soil. Extra FGD gypsum added to the cement hydration system provided more sulfate ions, leading to the formation of ettringite and monosulfate, which are the hardening cementitious products from the cement hydration reaction. Both products contributed to the strength gain of the soil–cement–FGD gypsum material. However, the strength can be reduced when too much FGD gypsum is added because the undissolved gypsum has a weak structure. Examinations of FGD gypsum in the soil–cement–FGD gypsum mixtures by SEM confirmed that adding FGD gypsum can reduce the cement content in a soil–cement mix to achieve a given UCS value.
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spelling pubmed-80697582021-04-26 Stabilized High Clay Content Lateritic Soil Using Cement-FGD Gypsum Mixtures for Road Subbase Applications Maichin, Phattharachai Jitsangiam, Peerapong Nongnuang, Toon Boonserm, Kornkanok Nusit, Korakod Pra-ai, Suriyavut Binaree, Theechalit Aryupong, Chuchoke Materials (Basel) Article With a lack of standard lateritic soil for use in road construction, suitable economical and sustainable soil-stabilization techniques are in demand. This study aimed to examine flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum, a by-product of coal power plants, for use in soil–cement stabilization, specifically for ability to strengthen poor high-clay, lateritic soil but with a lower cement content. A series of compaction tests and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were performed in conjunction with scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses. Therefore, the strength development and the role of FGD gypsum in the soil–cement–FGD gypsum mixtures with varying cement and FGD gypsum contents were characterized in this study. The study results showed that adding FGD gypsum can enhance the strength of the stabilized substandard lateritic soil. Extra FGD gypsum added to the cement hydration system provided more sulfate ions, leading to the formation of ettringite and monosulfate, which are the hardening cementitious products from the cement hydration reaction. Both products contributed to the strength gain of the soil–cement–FGD gypsum material. However, the strength can be reduced when too much FGD gypsum is added because the undissolved gypsum has a weak structure. Examinations of FGD gypsum in the soil–cement–FGD gypsum mixtures by SEM confirmed that adding FGD gypsum can reduce the cement content in a soil–cement mix to achieve a given UCS value. MDPI 2021-04-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8069758/ /pubmed/33918054 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14081858 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Maichin, Phattharachai
Jitsangiam, Peerapong
Nongnuang, Toon
Boonserm, Kornkanok
Nusit, Korakod
Pra-ai, Suriyavut
Binaree, Theechalit
Aryupong, Chuchoke
Stabilized High Clay Content Lateritic Soil Using Cement-FGD Gypsum Mixtures for Road Subbase Applications
title Stabilized High Clay Content Lateritic Soil Using Cement-FGD Gypsum Mixtures for Road Subbase Applications
title_full Stabilized High Clay Content Lateritic Soil Using Cement-FGD Gypsum Mixtures for Road Subbase Applications
title_fullStr Stabilized High Clay Content Lateritic Soil Using Cement-FGD Gypsum Mixtures for Road Subbase Applications
title_full_unstemmed Stabilized High Clay Content Lateritic Soil Using Cement-FGD Gypsum Mixtures for Road Subbase Applications
title_short Stabilized High Clay Content Lateritic Soil Using Cement-FGD Gypsum Mixtures for Road Subbase Applications
title_sort stabilized high clay content lateritic soil using cement-fgd gypsum mixtures for road subbase applications
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8069758/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33918054
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14081858
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