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Stabilized High Clay Content Lateritic Soil Using Cement-FGD Gypsum Mixtures for Road Subbase Applications
With a lack of standard lateritic soil for use in road construction, suitable economical and sustainable soil-stabilization techniques are in demand. This study aimed to examine flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum, a by-product of coal power plants, for use in soil–cement stabilization, specifical...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8069758/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33918054 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14081858 |
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author | Maichin, Phattharachai Jitsangiam, Peerapong Nongnuang, Toon Boonserm, Kornkanok Nusit, Korakod Pra-ai, Suriyavut Binaree, Theechalit Aryupong, Chuchoke |
author_facet | Maichin, Phattharachai Jitsangiam, Peerapong Nongnuang, Toon Boonserm, Kornkanok Nusit, Korakod Pra-ai, Suriyavut Binaree, Theechalit Aryupong, Chuchoke |
author_sort | Maichin, Phattharachai |
collection | PubMed |
description | With a lack of standard lateritic soil for use in road construction, suitable economical and sustainable soil-stabilization techniques are in demand. This study aimed to examine flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum, a by-product of coal power plants, for use in soil–cement stabilization, specifically for ability to strengthen poor high-clay, lateritic soil but with a lower cement content. A series of compaction tests and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were performed in conjunction with scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses. Therefore, the strength development and the role of FGD gypsum in the soil–cement–FGD gypsum mixtures with varying cement and FGD gypsum contents were characterized in this study. The study results showed that adding FGD gypsum can enhance the strength of the stabilized substandard lateritic soil. Extra FGD gypsum added to the cement hydration system provided more sulfate ions, leading to the formation of ettringite and monosulfate, which are the hardening cementitious products from the cement hydration reaction. Both products contributed to the strength gain of the soil–cement–FGD gypsum material. However, the strength can be reduced when too much FGD gypsum is added because the undissolved gypsum has a weak structure. Examinations of FGD gypsum in the soil–cement–FGD gypsum mixtures by SEM confirmed that adding FGD gypsum can reduce the cement content in a soil–cement mix to achieve a given UCS value. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8069758 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80697582021-04-26 Stabilized High Clay Content Lateritic Soil Using Cement-FGD Gypsum Mixtures for Road Subbase Applications Maichin, Phattharachai Jitsangiam, Peerapong Nongnuang, Toon Boonserm, Kornkanok Nusit, Korakod Pra-ai, Suriyavut Binaree, Theechalit Aryupong, Chuchoke Materials (Basel) Article With a lack of standard lateritic soil for use in road construction, suitable economical and sustainable soil-stabilization techniques are in demand. This study aimed to examine flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum, a by-product of coal power plants, for use in soil–cement stabilization, specifically for ability to strengthen poor high-clay, lateritic soil but with a lower cement content. A series of compaction tests and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were performed in conjunction with scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses. Therefore, the strength development and the role of FGD gypsum in the soil–cement–FGD gypsum mixtures with varying cement and FGD gypsum contents were characterized in this study. The study results showed that adding FGD gypsum can enhance the strength of the stabilized substandard lateritic soil. Extra FGD gypsum added to the cement hydration system provided more sulfate ions, leading to the formation of ettringite and monosulfate, which are the hardening cementitious products from the cement hydration reaction. Both products contributed to the strength gain of the soil–cement–FGD gypsum material. However, the strength can be reduced when too much FGD gypsum is added because the undissolved gypsum has a weak structure. Examinations of FGD gypsum in the soil–cement–FGD gypsum mixtures by SEM confirmed that adding FGD gypsum can reduce the cement content in a soil–cement mix to achieve a given UCS value. MDPI 2021-04-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8069758/ /pubmed/33918054 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14081858 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Maichin, Phattharachai Jitsangiam, Peerapong Nongnuang, Toon Boonserm, Kornkanok Nusit, Korakod Pra-ai, Suriyavut Binaree, Theechalit Aryupong, Chuchoke Stabilized High Clay Content Lateritic Soil Using Cement-FGD Gypsum Mixtures for Road Subbase Applications |
title | Stabilized High Clay Content Lateritic Soil Using Cement-FGD Gypsum Mixtures for Road Subbase Applications |
title_full | Stabilized High Clay Content Lateritic Soil Using Cement-FGD Gypsum Mixtures for Road Subbase Applications |
title_fullStr | Stabilized High Clay Content Lateritic Soil Using Cement-FGD Gypsum Mixtures for Road Subbase Applications |
title_full_unstemmed | Stabilized High Clay Content Lateritic Soil Using Cement-FGD Gypsum Mixtures for Road Subbase Applications |
title_short | Stabilized High Clay Content Lateritic Soil Using Cement-FGD Gypsum Mixtures for Road Subbase Applications |
title_sort | stabilized high clay content lateritic soil using cement-fgd gypsum mixtures for road subbase applications |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8069758/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33918054 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14081858 |
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