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Thallium Contamination of Drinking Water: Health Implications in a Residential Cohort Study in Tuscany (Italy)
In 2014–2015, concentrations of thallium above the recommended reference value (EPA: 2 µg/L) were measured in some parts of the drinking water distribution system in the municipality of Pietrasanta (Tuscany, Italy). An extensive campaign of water samples and human biomonitoring surveys were implemen...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8069911/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33921453 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084058 |
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author | Nuvolone, Daniela Petri, Davide Aprea, Maria Cristina Bertelloni, Silvano Voller, Fabio Aragona, Ida |
author_facet | Nuvolone, Daniela Petri, Davide Aprea, Maria Cristina Bertelloni, Silvano Voller, Fabio Aragona, Ida |
author_sort | Nuvolone, Daniela |
collection | PubMed |
description | In 2014–2015, concentrations of thallium above the recommended reference value (EPA: 2 µg/L) were measured in some parts of the drinking water distribution system in the municipality of Pietrasanta (Tuscany, Italy). An extensive campaign of water samples and human biomonitoring surveys were implemented to quantify the exposure of population. A residential cohort epidemiological study was carried out on the population of the municipality of Pietrasanta, aimed at comparing the health status of residents in the areas affected by thallium contamination with residents living in the rest of the municipality. Cohort included people residing in the municipality of Pietrasanta from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2015. Residence addresses were georeferenced and each subject living in one of the three contaminated areas were defined as exposed. Mortality, hospital discharge data and adverse pregnancy outcomes were taken from administrative health databases. Cox proportional hazard models and logistic models were used to test the association between thallium exposure and health outcome. This study did not show any excess of risk in terms of mortality and hospitalization in the population residing in the areas served by thallium-contaminated aqueduct branches, compared to the rest of the not contaminated area. Increased risks for low birth weight (OR = 1.43 95% CI 0.91–2.25) and pre-term birth (OR = 1.40 95% CI 0.82–2.37) were observed. In view of the paucity of epidemiological studies on thallium, this study is an important contribution to the state of knowledge of the health effects of chronic exposures to low concentrations of thallium. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8069911 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80699112021-04-26 Thallium Contamination of Drinking Water: Health Implications in a Residential Cohort Study in Tuscany (Italy) Nuvolone, Daniela Petri, Davide Aprea, Maria Cristina Bertelloni, Silvano Voller, Fabio Aragona, Ida Int J Environ Res Public Health Article In 2014–2015, concentrations of thallium above the recommended reference value (EPA: 2 µg/L) were measured in some parts of the drinking water distribution system in the municipality of Pietrasanta (Tuscany, Italy). An extensive campaign of water samples and human biomonitoring surveys were implemented to quantify the exposure of population. A residential cohort epidemiological study was carried out on the population of the municipality of Pietrasanta, aimed at comparing the health status of residents in the areas affected by thallium contamination with residents living in the rest of the municipality. Cohort included people residing in the municipality of Pietrasanta from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2015. Residence addresses were georeferenced and each subject living in one of the three contaminated areas were defined as exposed. Mortality, hospital discharge data and adverse pregnancy outcomes were taken from administrative health databases. Cox proportional hazard models and logistic models were used to test the association between thallium exposure and health outcome. This study did not show any excess of risk in terms of mortality and hospitalization in the population residing in the areas served by thallium-contaminated aqueduct branches, compared to the rest of the not contaminated area. Increased risks for low birth weight (OR = 1.43 95% CI 0.91–2.25) and pre-term birth (OR = 1.40 95% CI 0.82–2.37) were observed. In view of the paucity of epidemiological studies on thallium, this study is an important contribution to the state of knowledge of the health effects of chronic exposures to low concentrations of thallium. MDPI 2021-04-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8069911/ /pubmed/33921453 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084058 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Nuvolone, Daniela Petri, Davide Aprea, Maria Cristina Bertelloni, Silvano Voller, Fabio Aragona, Ida Thallium Contamination of Drinking Water: Health Implications in a Residential Cohort Study in Tuscany (Italy) |
title | Thallium Contamination of Drinking Water: Health Implications in a Residential Cohort Study in Tuscany (Italy) |
title_full | Thallium Contamination of Drinking Water: Health Implications in a Residential Cohort Study in Tuscany (Italy) |
title_fullStr | Thallium Contamination of Drinking Water: Health Implications in a Residential Cohort Study in Tuscany (Italy) |
title_full_unstemmed | Thallium Contamination of Drinking Water: Health Implications in a Residential Cohort Study in Tuscany (Italy) |
title_short | Thallium Contamination of Drinking Water: Health Implications in a Residential Cohort Study in Tuscany (Italy) |
title_sort | thallium contamination of drinking water: health implications in a residential cohort study in tuscany (italy) |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8069911/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33921453 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084058 |
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