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Research on Reduction of Selected Iron-Bearing Waste Materials
During the steel production process, nearly twice as many input materials are used as compared to finished products. This creates a large amount of post-production waste, including slag, dust, and sludge. New iron production technologies enable the reuse and recycling of metallurgical waste. This pa...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8070123/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33921233 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14081914 |
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author | Mróz, Jan Konstanciak, Anna Warzecha, Marek Więcek, Marcin Hutny, Artur M. |
author_facet | Mróz, Jan Konstanciak, Anna Warzecha, Marek Więcek, Marcin Hutny, Artur M. |
author_sort | Mróz, Jan |
collection | PubMed |
description | During the steel production process, nearly twice as many input materials are used as compared to finished products. This creates a large amount of post-production waste, including slag, dust, and sludge. New iron production technologies enable the reuse and recycling of metallurgical waste. This paper presents an investigation on the reduction of selected iron-bearing waste materials in a laboratory rotary furnace. Iron-bearing waste materials in the form of dust, scale, and sludge were obtained from several Polish metallurgical plants as research material. A chemical analysis made it possible to select samples with sufficiently high iron content for testing. The assumed iron content limit in waste materials was 40 wt.% Fe. A sieve analysis of the samples used in the subsequent stages of the research was also performed. The tests carried out with the use of a CO as a reducer, at a temperature of 1000 °C, allowed to obtain high levels of metallization of the samples for scale 91.6%, dust 66.9%, and sludge 97.3%. These results indicate that in the case of sludge and scale, the degree of metallization meets the requirements for charge materials used in both blast furnace (BF) and electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking processes, while in the case of reduced dust, this material can be used as enriched charge in the blast furnace process. Reduction studies were also carried out using a gas mixture of CO and H(2) (50 vol.% CO + 50 vol.% H(2)). The introduction of hydrogen as a reducing agent in reduction processes meets the urgent need of reducing CO(2) emissions. The obtained results confirm the great importance and influence of the selection of the right amount of reducer on the achievement of a high degree of metallization and that these materials can be a valuable source of metallic charge for blast furnace and steelmaking processes. At an earlier stage of the established research program, experiments of the iron oxides reduction from iron-bearing waste materials in a stationary layer in a Tammann furnace were also conducted. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8070123 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80701232021-04-26 Research on Reduction of Selected Iron-Bearing Waste Materials Mróz, Jan Konstanciak, Anna Warzecha, Marek Więcek, Marcin Hutny, Artur M. Materials (Basel) Article During the steel production process, nearly twice as many input materials are used as compared to finished products. This creates a large amount of post-production waste, including slag, dust, and sludge. New iron production technologies enable the reuse and recycling of metallurgical waste. This paper presents an investigation on the reduction of selected iron-bearing waste materials in a laboratory rotary furnace. Iron-bearing waste materials in the form of dust, scale, and sludge were obtained from several Polish metallurgical plants as research material. A chemical analysis made it possible to select samples with sufficiently high iron content for testing. The assumed iron content limit in waste materials was 40 wt.% Fe. A sieve analysis of the samples used in the subsequent stages of the research was also performed. The tests carried out with the use of a CO as a reducer, at a temperature of 1000 °C, allowed to obtain high levels of metallization of the samples for scale 91.6%, dust 66.9%, and sludge 97.3%. These results indicate that in the case of sludge and scale, the degree of metallization meets the requirements for charge materials used in both blast furnace (BF) and electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking processes, while in the case of reduced dust, this material can be used as enriched charge in the blast furnace process. Reduction studies were also carried out using a gas mixture of CO and H(2) (50 vol.% CO + 50 vol.% H(2)). The introduction of hydrogen as a reducing agent in reduction processes meets the urgent need of reducing CO(2) emissions. The obtained results confirm the great importance and influence of the selection of the right amount of reducer on the achievement of a high degree of metallization and that these materials can be a valuable source of metallic charge for blast furnace and steelmaking processes. At an earlier stage of the established research program, experiments of the iron oxides reduction from iron-bearing waste materials in a stationary layer in a Tammann furnace were also conducted. MDPI 2021-04-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8070123/ /pubmed/33921233 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14081914 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Mróz, Jan Konstanciak, Anna Warzecha, Marek Więcek, Marcin Hutny, Artur M. Research on Reduction of Selected Iron-Bearing Waste Materials |
title | Research on Reduction of Selected Iron-Bearing Waste Materials |
title_full | Research on Reduction of Selected Iron-Bearing Waste Materials |
title_fullStr | Research on Reduction of Selected Iron-Bearing Waste Materials |
title_full_unstemmed | Research on Reduction of Selected Iron-Bearing Waste Materials |
title_short | Research on Reduction of Selected Iron-Bearing Waste Materials |
title_sort | research on reduction of selected iron-bearing waste materials |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8070123/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33921233 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14081914 |
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