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Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.) Fruit Bioactives Charantin and Vicine Potential for Diabetes Prophylaxis and Treatment

Natural products are gaining clinical significance in modern day health care systems to prevent diseases. Bitter melon, a health promoting vegetable, is traditionally used for medical nutrition therapy to cure diabetes but to reap maximum health claims, vigilant control of its substances in diet is...

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Autores principales: , Mahwish, Saeed, Farhan, Sultan, M. Tauseef, Riaz, Ayesha, Ahmed, Sagheer, Bigiu, Nicusor, Amarowicz, Ryszard, Manea, Rosana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8070166/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33918062
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10040730
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author , Mahwish
Saeed, Farhan
Sultan, M. Tauseef
Riaz, Ayesha
Ahmed, Sagheer
Bigiu, Nicusor
Amarowicz, Ryszard
Manea, Rosana
author_facet , Mahwish
Saeed, Farhan
Sultan, M. Tauseef
Riaz, Ayesha
Ahmed, Sagheer
Bigiu, Nicusor
Amarowicz, Ryszard
Manea, Rosana
author_sort , Mahwish
collection PubMed
description Natural products are gaining clinical significance in modern day health care systems to prevent diseases. Bitter melon, a health promoting vegetable, is traditionally used for medical nutrition therapy to cure diabetes but to reap maximum health claims, vigilant control of its substances in diet is crucial as part of curative action for effective diabetes management. In the present research, first phase focused on detection of key bioactive components, i.e., charantin and vicine in different parts of its fruit. In the second phase, normal and hyperglycemic Sprague Dawley rats were fed on skin, flesh and whole fruit of bitter melon at 150 and 300 mg/kg body weight and assessed for diabetes prophylaxis and treatment. The highest amount of charantin (0.16 ± 0.02 mg/g) was recorded in flesh while vicine was present in abundance in whole fruit (0.21 ± 0.01 μg/100 g). In normal rats, bitter melon supplementation was helpful in managing the onset of diabetes. Hyperglycemic rats showed diabetic complications including polydipsia, polyuria, glycosuria, renal hypertrophy and increased glomerular filtration rate. However, bitter melon consumption showed significant improvements in these parameters. The most potent dose was 300 mg/kg whole fruit that resulted in 31.64% lowering of blood glucose level and 27.35% increase in insulin level in hyperglycemic rats.
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spelling pubmed-80701662021-04-26 Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.) Fruit Bioactives Charantin and Vicine Potential for Diabetes Prophylaxis and Treatment , Mahwish Saeed, Farhan Sultan, M. Tauseef Riaz, Ayesha Ahmed, Sagheer Bigiu, Nicusor Amarowicz, Ryszard Manea, Rosana Plants (Basel) Article Natural products are gaining clinical significance in modern day health care systems to prevent diseases. Bitter melon, a health promoting vegetable, is traditionally used for medical nutrition therapy to cure diabetes but to reap maximum health claims, vigilant control of its substances in diet is crucial as part of curative action for effective diabetes management. In the present research, first phase focused on detection of key bioactive components, i.e., charantin and vicine in different parts of its fruit. In the second phase, normal and hyperglycemic Sprague Dawley rats were fed on skin, flesh and whole fruit of bitter melon at 150 and 300 mg/kg body weight and assessed for diabetes prophylaxis and treatment. The highest amount of charantin (0.16 ± 0.02 mg/g) was recorded in flesh while vicine was present in abundance in whole fruit (0.21 ± 0.01 μg/100 g). In normal rats, bitter melon supplementation was helpful in managing the onset of diabetes. Hyperglycemic rats showed diabetic complications including polydipsia, polyuria, glycosuria, renal hypertrophy and increased glomerular filtration rate. However, bitter melon consumption showed significant improvements in these parameters. The most potent dose was 300 mg/kg whole fruit that resulted in 31.64% lowering of blood glucose level and 27.35% increase in insulin level in hyperglycemic rats. MDPI 2021-04-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8070166/ /pubmed/33918062 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10040730 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
, Mahwish
Saeed, Farhan
Sultan, M. Tauseef
Riaz, Ayesha
Ahmed, Sagheer
Bigiu, Nicusor
Amarowicz, Ryszard
Manea, Rosana
Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.) Fruit Bioactives Charantin and Vicine Potential for Diabetes Prophylaxis and Treatment
title Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.) Fruit Bioactives Charantin and Vicine Potential for Diabetes Prophylaxis and Treatment
title_full Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.) Fruit Bioactives Charantin and Vicine Potential for Diabetes Prophylaxis and Treatment
title_fullStr Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.) Fruit Bioactives Charantin and Vicine Potential for Diabetes Prophylaxis and Treatment
title_full_unstemmed Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.) Fruit Bioactives Charantin and Vicine Potential for Diabetes Prophylaxis and Treatment
title_short Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.) Fruit Bioactives Charantin and Vicine Potential for Diabetes Prophylaxis and Treatment
title_sort bitter melon (momordica charantia l.) fruit bioactives charantin and vicine potential for diabetes prophylaxis and treatment
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8070166/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33918062
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10040730
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