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Effect of Printing Parameters on Dimensional Error, Surface Roughness and Porosity of FFF Printed Parts with Grid Structure

Extrusion printing processes allow for manufacturing complex shapes in a relatively cheap way with low-cost machines. The present study analyzes the effect of printing parameters on dimensional error, roughness, and porosity of printed PLA parts obtained with grid structure. Parts are obtained by me...

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Autores principales: Buj-Corral, Irene, Bagheri, Ali, Sivatte-Adroer, Maurici
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8070634/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33918648
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13081213
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author Buj-Corral, Irene
Bagheri, Ali
Sivatte-Adroer, Maurici
author_facet Buj-Corral, Irene
Bagheri, Ali
Sivatte-Adroer, Maurici
author_sort Buj-Corral, Irene
collection PubMed
description Extrusion printing processes allow for manufacturing complex shapes in a relatively cheap way with low-cost machines. The present study analyzes the effect of printing parameters on dimensional error, roughness, and porosity of printed PLA parts obtained with grid structure. Parts are obtained by means of the fused filament fabrication (FFF) process. Four variables are chosen: Layer height, temperature, speed, and flow rate. A two-level full factorial design with a central point is used to define the experimental tests. Dimensional error and porosity are measured with a profile projector, while roughness is measured with a contact roughness meter. Mathematical regression models are found for each response, and multi-objective optimization is carried out by means of the desirability function. Dimensional error and roughness depend mainly on layer height and flow rate, while porosity depends on layer height and printing speed. Multi-objective optimization shows that recommended values for the variables are layer height 0.05 mm, temperature 195 ºC, speed 50 mm/min, and flow rate 0.93, when dimensional error and roughness are to be minimized, and porosity requires a target value of 60%. The present study will help to select appropriate printing parameters for printing porous structures such as those found in prostheses, by means of extrusion processes.
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spelling pubmed-80706342021-04-26 Effect of Printing Parameters on Dimensional Error, Surface Roughness and Porosity of FFF Printed Parts with Grid Structure Buj-Corral, Irene Bagheri, Ali Sivatte-Adroer, Maurici Polymers (Basel) Article Extrusion printing processes allow for manufacturing complex shapes in a relatively cheap way with low-cost machines. The present study analyzes the effect of printing parameters on dimensional error, roughness, and porosity of printed PLA parts obtained with grid structure. Parts are obtained by means of the fused filament fabrication (FFF) process. Four variables are chosen: Layer height, temperature, speed, and flow rate. A two-level full factorial design with a central point is used to define the experimental tests. Dimensional error and porosity are measured with a profile projector, while roughness is measured with a contact roughness meter. Mathematical regression models are found for each response, and multi-objective optimization is carried out by means of the desirability function. Dimensional error and roughness depend mainly on layer height and flow rate, while porosity depends on layer height and printing speed. Multi-objective optimization shows that recommended values for the variables are layer height 0.05 mm, temperature 195 ºC, speed 50 mm/min, and flow rate 0.93, when dimensional error and roughness are to be minimized, and porosity requires a target value of 60%. The present study will help to select appropriate printing parameters for printing porous structures such as those found in prostheses, by means of extrusion processes. MDPI 2021-04-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8070634/ /pubmed/33918648 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13081213 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Buj-Corral, Irene
Bagheri, Ali
Sivatte-Adroer, Maurici
Effect of Printing Parameters on Dimensional Error, Surface Roughness and Porosity of FFF Printed Parts with Grid Structure
title Effect of Printing Parameters on Dimensional Error, Surface Roughness and Porosity of FFF Printed Parts with Grid Structure
title_full Effect of Printing Parameters on Dimensional Error, Surface Roughness and Porosity of FFF Printed Parts with Grid Structure
title_fullStr Effect of Printing Parameters on Dimensional Error, Surface Roughness and Porosity of FFF Printed Parts with Grid Structure
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Printing Parameters on Dimensional Error, Surface Roughness and Porosity of FFF Printed Parts with Grid Structure
title_short Effect of Printing Parameters on Dimensional Error, Surface Roughness and Porosity of FFF Printed Parts with Grid Structure
title_sort effect of printing parameters on dimensional error, surface roughness and porosity of fff printed parts with grid structure
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8070634/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33918648
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13081213
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