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A Narrative Review of the History of Skin Grafting in Burn Care

Thermal injuries have been a phenomenon intertwined with the human condition since the dawn of our species. Autologous skin translocation, also known as skin grafting, has played an important role in burn wound management and has a rich history of its own. In fact, some of the oldest known medical t...

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Autores principales: Ozhathil, Deepak K., Tay, Michael W., Wolf, Steven E., Branski, Ludwik K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8071142/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33920783
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57040380
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author Ozhathil, Deepak K.
Tay, Michael W.
Wolf, Steven E.
Branski, Ludwik K.
author_facet Ozhathil, Deepak K.
Tay, Michael W.
Wolf, Steven E.
Branski, Ludwik K.
author_sort Ozhathil, Deepak K.
collection PubMed
description Thermal injuries have been a phenomenon intertwined with the human condition since the dawn of our species. Autologous skin translocation, also known as skin grafting, has played an important role in burn wound management and has a rich history of its own. In fact, some of the oldest known medical texts describe ancient methods of skin translocation. In this article, we examine how skin grafting has evolved from its origins of necessity in the ancient world to the well-calibrated tool utilized in modern medicine. The popularity of skin grafting has ebbed and flowed multiple times throughout history, often suppressed for cultural, religious, pseudo-scientific, or anecdotal reasons. It was not until the 1800s, that skin grafting was widely accepted as a safe and effective treatment for wound management, and shortly thereafter for burn injuries. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries skin grafting advanced considerably, accelerated by exponential medical progress and the occurrence of man-made disasters and global warfare. The introduction of surgical instruments specifically designed for skin grafting gave surgeons more control over the depth and consistency of harvested tissues, vastly improving outcomes. The invention of powered surgical instruments, such as the electric dermatome, reduced technical barriers for many surgeons, allowing the practice of skin grafting to be extended ubiquitously from a small group of technically gifted reconstructive surgeons to nearly all interested sub-specialists. The subsequent development of biologic and synthetic skin substitutes have been spurred onward by the clinical challenges unique to burn care: recurrent graft failure, microbial wound colonization, and limited donor site availability. These improvements have laid the framework for more advanced forms of tissue engineering including micrografts, cultured skin grafts, aerosolized skin cell application, and stem-cell impregnated dermal matrices. In this article, we will explore the convoluted journey that modern skin grafting has taken and potential future directions the procedure may yet go.
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spelling pubmed-80711422021-04-26 A Narrative Review of the History of Skin Grafting in Burn Care Ozhathil, Deepak K. Tay, Michael W. Wolf, Steven E. Branski, Ludwik K. Medicina (Kaunas) Review Thermal injuries have been a phenomenon intertwined with the human condition since the dawn of our species. Autologous skin translocation, also known as skin grafting, has played an important role in burn wound management and has a rich history of its own. In fact, some of the oldest known medical texts describe ancient methods of skin translocation. In this article, we examine how skin grafting has evolved from its origins of necessity in the ancient world to the well-calibrated tool utilized in modern medicine. The popularity of skin grafting has ebbed and flowed multiple times throughout history, often suppressed for cultural, religious, pseudo-scientific, or anecdotal reasons. It was not until the 1800s, that skin grafting was widely accepted as a safe and effective treatment for wound management, and shortly thereafter for burn injuries. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries skin grafting advanced considerably, accelerated by exponential medical progress and the occurrence of man-made disasters and global warfare. The introduction of surgical instruments specifically designed for skin grafting gave surgeons more control over the depth and consistency of harvested tissues, vastly improving outcomes. The invention of powered surgical instruments, such as the electric dermatome, reduced technical barriers for many surgeons, allowing the practice of skin grafting to be extended ubiquitously from a small group of technically gifted reconstructive surgeons to nearly all interested sub-specialists. The subsequent development of biologic and synthetic skin substitutes have been spurred onward by the clinical challenges unique to burn care: recurrent graft failure, microbial wound colonization, and limited donor site availability. These improvements have laid the framework for more advanced forms of tissue engineering including micrografts, cultured skin grafts, aerosolized skin cell application, and stem-cell impregnated dermal matrices. In this article, we will explore the convoluted journey that modern skin grafting has taken and potential future directions the procedure may yet go. MDPI 2021-04-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8071142/ /pubmed/33920783 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57040380 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Ozhathil, Deepak K.
Tay, Michael W.
Wolf, Steven E.
Branski, Ludwik K.
A Narrative Review of the History of Skin Grafting in Burn Care
title A Narrative Review of the History of Skin Grafting in Burn Care
title_full A Narrative Review of the History of Skin Grafting in Burn Care
title_fullStr A Narrative Review of the History of Skin Grafting in Burn Care
title_full_unstemmed A Narrative Review of the History of Skin Grafting in Burn Care
title_short A Narrative Review of the History of Skin Grafting in Burn Care
title_sort narrative review of the history of skin grafting in burn care
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8071142/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33920783
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57040380
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