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Locomotion Mode Recognition Algorithm Based on Gaussian Mixture Model Using IMU Sensors

The number of elderly people has increased as life expectancy increases. As muscle strength decreases with aging, it is easy to feel tired while walking, which is an activity of daily living (ADL), or suffer a fall accident. To compensate the walking problems, the terrain environment must be conside...

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Autores principales: Shin, Dongbin, Lee, Seungchan, Hwang, Seunghoon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8071300/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33920969
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21082785
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author Shin, Dongbin
Lee, Seungchan
Hwang, Seunghoon
author_facet Shin, Dongbin
Lee, Seungchan
Hwang, Seunghoon
author_sort Shin, Dongbin
collection PubMed
description The number of elderly people has increased as life expectancy increases. As muscle strength decreases with aging, it is easy to feel tired while walking, which is an activity of daily living (ADL), or suffer a fall accident. To compensate the walking problems, the terrain environment must be considered, and in this study, we developed the locomotion mode recognition (LMR) algorithm based on the gaussian mixture model (GMM) using inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors to classify the five terrains (level walking, stair ascent/descent, ramp ascent/descent). In order to meet the walking conditions of the elderly people, the walking speed index from 20 to 89 years old was used, and the beats per minute (BPM) method was adopted considering the speed range for each age groups. The experiment was conducted with the assumption that the healthy people walked according to the BPM rhythm, and to apply the algorithm to the exoskeleton robot later, a full/individual dependent model was used by selecting a data collection method. Regarding the full dependent model as the representative model, the accuracy of classifying the stair terrains and level walking/ramp terrains is BPM 90: 98.74%, 95.78%, BPM 110: 99.33%, 95.75%, and BPM 130: 98.39%, 87.54%, respectively. The consumption times were 14.5, 21.1, and 14 ms according to BPM 90/110/130, respectively. LMR algorithm that satisfies the high classification accuracy according to walking speed has been developed. In the future, the LMR algorithm will be applied to the actual hip exoskeleton robot, and the gait phase estimation algorithm that estimates the user’s gait intention is to be combined. Additionally, when a user wearing a hip exoskeleton robot walks, we will check whether the combined algorithm properly supports the muscle strength.
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spelling pubmed-80713002021-04-26 Locomotion Mode Recognition Algorithm Based on Gaussian Mixture Model Using IMU Sensors Shin, Dongbin Lee, Seungchan Hwang, Seunghoon Sensors (Basel) Communication The number of elderly people has increased as life expectancy increases. As muscle strength decreases with aging, it is easy to feel tired while walking, which is an activity of daily living (ADL), or suffer a fall accident. To compensate the walking problems, the terrain environment must be considered, and in this study, we developed the locomotion mode recognition (LMR) algorithm based on the gaussian mixture model (GMM) using inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors to classify the five terrains (level walking, stair ascent/descent, ramp ascent/descent). In order to meet the walking conditions of the elderly people, the walking speed index from 20 to 89 years old was used, and the beats per minute (BPM) method was adopted considering the speed range for each age groups. The experiment was conducted with the assumption that the healthy people walked according to the BPM rhythm, and to apply the algorithm to the exoskeleton robot later, a full/individual dependent model was used by selecting a data collection method. Regarding the full dependent model as the representative model, the accuracy of classifying the stair terrains and level walking/ramp terrains is BPM 90: 98.74%, 95.78%, BPM 110: 99.33%, 95.75%, and BPM 130: 98.39%, 87.54%, respectively. The consumption times were 14.5, 21.1, and 14 ms according to BPM 90/110/130, respectively. LMR algorithm that satisfies the high classification accuracy according to walking speed has been developed. In the future, the LMR algorithm will be applied to the actual hip exoskeleton robot, and the gait phase estimation algorithm that estimates the user’s gait intention is to be combined. Additionally, when a user wearing a hip exoskeleton robot walks, we will check whether the combined algorithm properly supports the muscle strength. MDPI 2021-04-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8071300/ /pubmed/33920969 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21082785 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Communication
Shin, Dongbin
Lee, Seungchan
Hwang, Seunghoon
Locomotion Mode Recognition Algorithm Based on Gaussian Mixture Model Using IMU Sensors
title Locomotion Mode Recognition Algorithm Based on Gaussian Mixture Model Using IMU Sensors
title_full Locomotion Mode Recognition Algorithm Based on Gaussian Mixture Model Using IMU Sensors
title_fullStr Locomotion Mode Recognition Algorithm Based on Gaussian Mixture Model Using IMU Sensors
title_full_unstemmed Locomotion Mode Recognition Algorithm Based on Gaussian Mixture Model Using IMU Sensors
title_short Locomotion Mode Recognition Algorithm Based on Gaussian Mixture Model Using IMU Sensors
title_sort locomotion mode recognition algorithm based on gaussian mixture model using imu sensors
topic Communication
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8071300/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33920969
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21082785
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AT hwangseunghoon locomotionmoderecognitionalgorithmbasedongaussianmixturemodelusingimusensors