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Structural Biology for the Molecular Insight between Aptamers and Target Proteins

Aptamers are promising therapeutic and diagnostic agents for various diseases due to their high affinity and specificity against target proteins. Structural determination in combination with multiple biochemical and biophysical methods could help to explore the interacting mechanism between aptamers...

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Autores principales: Zhang, Ning, Chen, Zihao, Liu, Dingdong, Jiang, Hewen, Zhang, Zong-Kang, Lu, Aiping, Zhang, Bao-Ting, Yu, Yuanyuan, Zhang, Ge
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8071422/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33920991
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084093
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author Zhang, Ning
Chen, Zihao
Liu, Dingdong
Jiang, Hewen
Zhang, Zong-Kang
Lu, Aiping
Zhang, Bao-Ting
Yu, Yuanyuan
Zhang, Ge
author_facet Zhang, Ning
Chen, Zihao
Liu, Dingdong
Jiang, Hewen
Zhang, Zong-Kang
Lu, Aiping
Zhang, Bao-Ting
Yu, Yuanyuan
Zhang, Ge
author_sort Zhang, Ning
collection PubMed
description Aptamers are promising therapeutic and diagnostic agents for various diseases due to their high affinity and specificity against target proteins. Structural determination in combination with multiple biochemical and biophysical methods could help to explore the interacting mechanism between aptamers and their targets. Regrettably, structural studies for aptamer–target interactions are still the bottleneck in this field, which are facing various difficulties. In this review, we first reviewed the methods for resolving structures of aptamer–protein complexes and for analyzing the interactions between aptamers and target proteins. We summarized the general features of the interacting nucleotides and residues involved in the interactions between aptamers and proteins. Challenges and perspectives in current methodologies were discussed. Approaches for determining the binding affinity between aptamers and target proteins as well as modification strategies for stabilizing the binding affinity of aptamers to target proteins were also reviewed. The review could help to understand how aptamers interact with their targets and how alterations such as chemical modifications in the structures affect the affinity and function of aptamers, which could facilitate the optimization and translation of aptamers-based theranostics.
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spelling pubmed-80714222021-04-26 Structural Biology for the Molecular Insight between Aptamers and Target Proteins Zhang, Ning Chen, Zihao Liu, Dingdong Jiang, Hewen Zhang, Zong-Kang Lu, Aiping Zhang, Bao-Ting Yu, Yuanyuan Zhang, Ge Int J Mol Sci Review Aptamers are promising therapeutic and diagnostic agents for various diseases due to their high affinity and specificity against target proteins. Structural determination in combination with multiple biochemical and biophysical methods could help to explore the interacting mechanism between aptamers and their targets. Regrettably, structural studies for aptamer–target interactions are still the bottleneck in this field, which are facing various difficulties. In this review, we first reviewed the methods for resolving structures of aptamer–protein complexes and for analyzing the interactions between aptamers and target proteins. We summarized the general features of the interacting nucleotides and residues involved in the interactions between aptamers and proteins. Challenges and perspectives in current methodologies were discussed. Approaches for determining the binding affinity between aptamers and target proteins as well as modification strategies for stabilizing the binding affinity of aptamers to target proteins were also reviewed. The review could help to understand how aptamers interact with their targets and how alterations such as chemical modifications in the structures affect the affinity and function of aptamers, which could facilitate the optimization and translation of aptamers-based theranostics. MDPI 2021-04-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8071422/ /pubmed/33920991 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084093 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Zhang, Ning
Chen, Zihao
Liu, Dingdong
Jiang, Hewen
Zhang, Zong-Kang
Lu, Aiping
Zhang, Bao-Ting
Yu, Yuanyuan
Zhang, Ge
Structural Biology for the Molecular Insight between Aptamers and Target Proteins
title Structural Biology for the Molecular Insight between Aptamers and Target Proteins
title_full Structural Biology for the Molecular Insight between Aptamers and Target Proteins
title_fullStr Structural Biology for the Molecular Insight between Aptamers and Target Proteins
title_full_unstemmed Structural Biology for the Molecular Insight between Aptamers and Target Proteins
title_short Structural Biology for the Molecular Insight between Aptamers and Target Proteins
title_sort structural biology for the molecular insight between aptamers and target proteins
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8071422/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33920991
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084093
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