Analysis of maslinic acid and gallic acid compounds as xanthine oxidase inhibitors in isoprenaline administered myocardial necrotic rats

OBJECTIVE: This research designed to analyze the in vivo and in silico ameliorative action of maslinic acid (MA) and gallic acid (GA) on reactive oxygen species generating enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO) in isoprenaline or isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial infarcted rats. METHODS: Albino Wistar rats were categorized into four groups with eight rats in each group. A dose of 15 mg/kg of MA and GA were pretreated to each MA and GA groups for seven days. A dose of 85 mg/kg of ISO administered to the ISO group along with MA and GA groups except normal group on two consecutive days of pretreatment. All animals sacrificed and the heart tissues were collected for the analysis of XO. The in silico molecular docking analysis of the compounds MA and GA with XO was analyzed by using Gold 3.0.1 software. RESULTS: XO enzyme levels were significantly increased in the heart homogenate of ISO administered rats when compared to normal rats. Pretreatment of MA and GA to ISO treated rats significantly brought XO enzyme to the near normal levels which indicate the protective action of MA and GA against myocardial necrosis. The in vivo results were further supported by the in silico molecular docking study which revealed the inhibition of XO enzyme by the formation of enzyme and ligand complex with the compounds MA and GA. CONCLUSION: MA and GA compounds manifested the ameliorative effect against ISO administrated myocardial necrosis by inhibiting the free radical generating enzyme XO which is evidenced by both in vivo and in silico studies.