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Regulation of RNA Splicing: Aberrant Splicing Regulation and Therapeutic Targets in Cancer

RNA splicing is a critical step in the maturation of precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) by removing introns and exons. The combination of inclusion and exclusion of introns and exons in pre-mRNA can generate vast diversity in mature mRNA from a limited number of genes. Cancer cells acquire cancer-specific me...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kitamura, Koji, Nimura, Keisuke
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8073995/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33923658
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10040923
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author Kitamura, Koji
Nimura, Keisuke
author_facet Kitamura, Koji
Nimura, Keisuke
author_sort Kitamura, Koji
collection PubMed
description RNA splicing is a critical step in the maturation of precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) by removing introns and exons. The combination of inclusion and exclusion of introns and exons in pre-mRNA can generate vast diversity in mature mRNA from a limited number of genes. Cancer cells acquire cancer-specific mechanisms through aberrant splicing regulation to acquire resistance to treatment and to promote malignancy. Splicing regulation involves many factors, such as proteins, non-coding RNAs, and DNA sequences at many steps. Thus, the dysregulation of splicing is caused by many factors, including mutations in RNA splicing factors, aberrant expression levels of RNA splicing factors, small nuclear ribonucleoproteins biogenesis, mutations in snRNA, or genomic sequences that are involved in the regulation of splicing, such as 5’ and 3’ splice sites, branch point site, splicing enhancer/silencer, and changes in the chromatin status that affect the splicing profile. This review focuses on the dysregulation of RNA splicing related to cancer and the associated therapeutic methods.
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spelling pubmed-80739952021-04-27 Regulation of RNA Splicing: Aberrant Splicing Regulation and Therapeutic Targets in Cancer Kitamura, Koji Nimura, Keisuke Cells Review RNA splicing is a critical step in the maturation of precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) by removing introns and exons. The combination of inclusion and exclusion of introns and exons in pre-mRNA can generate vast diversity in mature mRNA from a limited number of genes. Cancer cells acquire cancer-specific mechanisms through aberrant splicing regulation to acquire resistance to treatment and to promote malignancy. Splicing regulation involves many factors, such as proteins, non-coding RNAs, and DNA sequences at many steps. Thus, the dysregulation of splicing is caused by many factors, including mutations in RNA splicing factors, aberrant expression levels of RNA splicing factors, small nuclear ribonucleoproteins biogenesis, mutations in snRNA, or genomic sequences that are involved in the regulation of splicing, such as 5’ and 3’ splice sites, branch point site, splicing enhancer/silencer, and changes in the chromatin status that affect the splicing profile. This review focuses on the dysregulation of RNA splicing related to cancer and the associated therapeutic methods. MDPI 2021-04-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8073995/ /pubmed/33923658 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10040923 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Kitamura, Koji
Nimura, Keisuke
Regulation of RNA Splicing: Aberrant Splicing Regulation and Therapeutic Targets in Cancer
title Regulation of RNA Splicing: Aberrant Splicing Regulation and Therapeutic Targets in Cancer
title_full Regulation of RNA Splicing: Aberrant Splicing Regulation and Therapeutic Targets in Cancer
title_fullStr Regulation of RNA Splicing: Aberrant Splicing Regulation and Therapeutic Targets in Cancer
title_full_unstemmed Regulation of RNA Splicing: Aberrant Splicing Regulation and Therapeutic Targets in Cancer
title_short Regulation of RNA Splicing: Aberrant Splicing Regulation and Therapeutic Targets in Cancer
title_sort regulation of rna splicing: aberrant splicing regulation and therapeutic targets in cancer
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8073995/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33923658
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10040923
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