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Web-Based Dietary and Physical Activity Intervention Programs for Patients With Hypertension: Scoping Review

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is the root cause of many chronic diseases. Lifestyle changes (ie, dietary alterations and physical activity) are seen to be an important step in the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Educating people through web-based interventional programs could offer an effective...

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Autores principales: Baderol Allam, Fatimah Najihah, Ab Hamid, Mohd Ramadan, Buhari, Siti Sabariah, Md Noor, Harrinni
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: JMIR Publications 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8074856/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33720036
http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/22465
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author Baderol Allam, Fatimah Najihah
Ab Hamid, Mohd Ramadan
Buhari, Siti Sabariah
Md Noor, Harrinni
author_facet Baderol Allam, Fatimah Najihah
Ab Hamid, Mohd Ramadan
Buhari, Siti Sabariah
Md Noor, Harrinni
author_sort Baderol Allam, Fatimah Najihah
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Hypertension is the root cause of many chronic diseases. Lifestyle changes (ie, dietary alterations and physical activity) are seen to be an important step in the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Educating people through web-based interventional programs could offer an effective solution and help these patients with hypertension in the existing health care scenario. OBJECTIVE: In this study, the researchers conducted a scoping literature review of the web-based dietary changes and physical activity–related intervention programs designed for the patients with hypertension and identified the methodologies, effectiveness, protocols, and theories, which could affect and improve existing clinical activities. METHODS: This review followed the scoping review methodology to identify and process the peer-reviewed studies published between 2010 and 2020. The literature searches were conducted on the following electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar. By using relevant search terms, studies were included if they offered information related to the web-based intervention tools, specifically dietary and physical activity intervention for patients with hypertension. Studies written or translated in English language and published within the date range (January 2010 to March 2020) were included. RESULTS: Overall, 1441 articles were initially identified. The reviewers included 35 articles after removing duplicates and screening titles. Only 21 articles were assessed for full review, and 15 were kept for analysis. The researchers selected 15 web-based intervention articles published on the topic of hypertension from 7 countries. A few of these 15 web-based tools (4, 27%) included more than 3 functions and provided a lot of important information (such as appointments, health records, or viewable care). Several tools were standalone tools (11, 73%), while most of the tools supported communication intervention–related lifestyle or behavioral changes (13, 87%) and medication adherence (6, 40%). It was found that physicians (9, 60%), allied health professionals (5, 33%), and nurses (5, 33%) were the health care providers who generally used these tools for communicating with their patients. More than half of the above tools (10, 67%) were assessed by different researchers in randomized controlled trials, while 5 tools (33%) were investigated in nonrandomized studies. CONCLUSIONS: We identified many web-based intervention programs for patients with hypertension from the literature databases. The findings indicate that numerous benefits can be derived after using a web-based dietary and physical activity intervention program for hypertension focusing on lifestyle changes. However, developers need to consider the preferences of the patients with regard to the information or the design features while developing or modifying web-based educational websites. These tools could be used for designing a patient-tailored website intervention program that is based on diet and physical activities for patients with hypertension.
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spelling pubmed-80748562021-05-06 Web-Based Dietary and Physical Activity Intervention Programs for Patients With Hypertension: Scoping Review Baderol Allam, Fatimah Najihah Ab Hamid, Mohd Ramadan Buhari, Siti Sabariah Md Noor, Harrinni J Med Internet Res Review BACKGROUND: Hypertension is the root cause of many chronic diseases. Lifestyle changes (ie, dietary alterations and physical activity) are seen to be an important step in the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Educating people through web-based interventional programs could offer an effective solution and help these patients with hypertension in the existing health care scenario. OBJECTIVE: In this study, the researchers conducted a scoping literature review of the web-based dietary changes and physical activity–related intervention programs designed for the patients with hypertension and identified the methodologies, effectiveness, protocols, and theories, which could affect and improve existing clinical activities. METHODS: This review followed the scoping review methodology to identify and process the peer-reviewed studies published between 2010 and 2020. The literature searches were conducted on the following electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar. By using relevant search terms, studies were included if they offered information related to the web-based intervention tools, specifically dietary and physical activity intervention for patients with hypertension. Studies written or translated in English language and published within the date range (January 2010 to March 2020) were included. RESULTS: Overall, 1441 articles were initially identified. The reviewers included 35 articles after removing duplicates and screening titles. Only 21 articles were assessed for full review, and 15 were kept for analysis. The researchers selected 15 web-based intervention articles published on the topic of hypertension from 7 countries. A few of these 15 web-based tools (4, 27%) included more than 3 functions and provided a lot of important information (such as appointments, health records, or viewable care). Several tools were standalone tools (11, 73%), while most of the tools supported communication intervention–related lifestyle or behavioral changes (13, 87%) and medication adherence (6, 40%). It was found that physicians (9, 60%), allied health professionals (5, 33%), and nurses (5, 33%) were the health care providers who generally used these tools for communicating with their patients. More than half of the above tools (10, 67%) were assessed by different researchers in randomized controlled trials, while 5 tools (33%) were investigated in nonrandomized studies. CONCLUSIONS: We identified many web-based intervention programs for patients with hypertension from the literature databases. The findings indicate that numerous benefits can be derived after using a web-based dietary and physical activity intervention program for hypertension focusing on lifestyle changes. However, developers need to consider the preferences of the patients with regard to the information or the design features while developing or modifying web-based educational websites. These tools could be used for designing a patient-tailored website intervention program that is based on diet and physical activities for patients with hypertension. JMIR Publications 2021-03-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8074856/ /pubmed/33720036 http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/22465 Text en ©Fatimah Najihah Baderol Allam, Mohd Ramadan Ab Hamid, Siti Sabariah Buhari, Harrinni Md Noor. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 15.03.2021. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://www.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.
spellingShingle Review
Baderol Allam, Fatimah Najihah
Ab Hamid, Mohd Ramadan
Buhari, Siti Sabariah
Md Noor, Harrinni
Web-Based Dietary and Physical Activity Intervention Programs for Patients With Hypertension: Scoping Review
title Web-Based Dietary and Physical Activity Intervention Programs for Patients With Hypertension: Scoping Review
title_full Web-Based Dietary and Physical Activity Intervention Programs for Patients With Hypertension: Scoping Review
title_fullStr Web-Based Dietary and Physical Activity Intervention Programs for Patients With Hypertension: Scoping Review
title_full_unstemmed Web-Based Dietary and Physical Activity Intervention Programs for Patients With Hypertension: Scoping Review
title_short Web-Based Dietary and Physical Activity Intervention Programs for Patients With Hypertension: Scoping Review
title_sort web-based dietary and physical activity intervention programs for patients with hypertension: scoping review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8074856/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33720036
http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/22465
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