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Regulation of Glutamate, GABA and Dopamine Transporter Uptake, Surface Mobility and Expression
Neurotransmitter transporters limit spillover between synapses and maintain the extracellular neurotransmitter concentration at low yet physiologically meaningful levels. They also exert a key role in providing precursors for neurotransmitter biosynthesis. In many cases, neurons and astrocytes conta...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8076567/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33927596 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2021.670346 |
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author | Ryan, Renae M. Ingram, Susan L. Scimemi, Annalisa |
author_facet | Ryan, Renae M. Ingram, Susan L. Scimemi, Annalisa |
author_sort | Ryan, Renae M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Neurotransmitter transporters limit spillover between synapses and maintain the extracellular neurotransmitter concentration at low yet physiologically meaningful levels. They also exert a key role in providing precursors for neurotransmitter biosynthesis. In many cases, neurons and astrocytes contain a large intracellular pool of transporters that can be redistributed and stabilized in the plasma membrane following activation of different signaling pathways. This means that the uptake capacity of the brain neuropil for different neurotransmitters can be dynamically regulated over the course of minutes, as an indirect consequence of changes in neuronal activity, blood flow, cell-to-cell interactions, etc. Here we discuss recent advances in the mechanisms that control the cell membrane trafficking and biophysical properties of transporters for the excitatory, inhibitory and modulatory neurotransmitters glutamate, GABA, and dopamine. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8076567 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80765672021-04-28 Regulation of Glutamate, GABA and Dopamine Transporter Uptake, Surface Mobility and Expression Ryan, Renae M. Ingram, Susan L. Scimemi, Annalisa Front Cell Neurosci Neuroscience Neurotransmitter transporters limit spillover between synapses and maintain the extracellular neurotransmitter concentration at low yet physiologically meaningful levels. They also exert a key role in providing precursors for neurotransmitter biosynthesis. In many cases, neurons and astrocytes contain a large intracellular pool of transporters that can be redistributed and stabilized in the plasma membrane following activation of different signaling pathways. This means that the uptake capacity of the brain neuropil for different neurotransmitters can be dynamically regulated over the course of minutes, as an indirect consequence of changes in neuronal activity, blood flow, cell-to-cell interactions, etc. Here we discuss recent advances in the mechanisms that control the cell membrane trafficking and biophysical properties of transporters for the excitatory, inhibitory and modulatory neurotransmitters glutamate, GABA, and dopamine. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-04-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8076567/ /pubmed/33927596 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2021.670346 Text en Copyright © 2021 Ryan, Ingram and Scimemi. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Ryan, Renae M. Ingram, Susan L. Scimemi, Annalisa Regulation of Glutamate, GABA and Dopamine Transporter Uptake, Surface Mobility and Expression |
title | Regulation of Glutamate, GABA and Dopamine Transporter Uptake, Surface Mobility and Expression |
title_full | Regulation of Glutamate, GABA and Dopamine Transporter Uptake, Surface Mobility and Expression |
title_fullStr | Regulation of Glutamate, GABA and Dopamine Transporter Uptake, Surface Mobility and Expression |
title_full_unstemmed | Regulation of Glutamate, GABA and Dopamine Transporter Uptake, Surface Mobility and Expression |
title_short | Regulation of Glutamate, GABA and Dopamine Transporter Uptake, Surface Mobility and Expression |
title_sort | regulation of glutamate, gaba and dopamine transporter uptake, surface mobility and expression |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8076567/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33927596 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2021.670346 |
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