Reduced adiponectin levels in patients with COVID‐19 acute respiratory failure: A case‐control study

Hypoadiponectinemia is speculated to play a key role in the relationship between obesity and COVID‐19 respiratory failure. However, only one study has examined adiponectin levels in COVID‐19 patients, and none have investigated adiponectin levels strictly in patients with acute respiratory failure. In this study, we performed a retrospective case‐control study of adipokine levels in patients with acute respiratory failure caused by either COVID‐19 or other viral/bacterial source. All patients with COVID‐19 respiratory failure in the University of Virginia Biorepository and Tissue Research database were included. We also selected patients with non‐COVID‐19 infectious respiratory failure from the same biorepository to serve as a comparison cohort. Plasma adipokine levels were measured on three occasions during the first 72 hours of hospitalization. Twelve patients with COVID‐19 respiratory failure and 17 patients with other infectious respiratory failure were studied. Adiponectin levels were significantly lower in patients with COVID‐19 respiratory failure, even after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, and other covariates. In conclusion, adiponectin levels appear to be reduced in COVID‐19 respiratory failure. Larger studies are needed to confirm this report.