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Sero-monitoring of health care workers reveals complex relationships between common coronavirus antibodies and SARS-CoV-2 severity

Recent common coronavirus (CCV) infections are associated with reduced COVID-19 severity upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, however the immunological mechanisms involved are unknown. We completed serological assays using samples collected from health care workers to identify antibody types associated with S...

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Autores principales: Gouma, Sigrid, Weirick, Madison E., Bolton, Marcus J., Arevalo, Claudia P., Goodwin, Eileen C., Anderson, Elizabeth M., McAllister, Christopher M., Christensen, Shannon R., Dunbar, Debora, Fiore, Danielle, Brock, Amanda, Weaver, JoEllen, Millar, John, DerOhannessian, Stephanie, Frank, Ian, Rader, Daniel J., Wherry, E. John, Hensley, Scott E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8077588/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33907765
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.12.21255324
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author Gouma, Sigrid
Weirick, Madison E.
Bolton, Marcus J.
Arevalo, Claudia P.
Goodwin, Eileen C.
Anderson, Elizabeth M.
McAllister, Christopher M.
Christensen, Shannon R.
Dunbar, Debora
Fiore, Danielle
Brock, Amanda
Weaver, JoEllen
Millar, John
DerOhannessian, Stephanie
Frank, Ian
Rader, Daniel J.
Wherry, E. John
Hensley, Scott E.
author_facet Gouma, Sigrid
Weirick, Madison E.
Bolton, Marcus J.
Arevalo, Claudia P.
Goodwin, Eileen C.
Anderson, Elizabeth M.
McAllister, Christopher M.
Christensen, Shannon R.
Dunbar, Debora
Fiore, Danielle
Brock, Amanda
Weaver, JoEllen
Millar, John
DerOhannessian, Stephanie
Frank, Ian
Rader, Daniel J.
Wherry, E. John
Hensley, Scott E.
author_sort Gouma, Sigrid
collection PubMed
description Recent common coronavirus (CCV) infections are associated with reduced COVID-19 severity upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, however the immunological mechanisms involved are unknown. We completed serological assays using samples collected from health care workers to identify antibody types associated with SARS-CoV-2 protection and COVID-19 severity. Rare SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive antibodies elicited by past CCV infections were not associated with protection; however, the duration of symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infections was significantly reduced in individuals with higher common betacoronavirus (βCoV) antibody titers. Since antibody titers decline over time after CCV infections, individuals in our cohort with higher βCoV antibody titers were more likely recently infected with common βCoVs compared to individuals with lower antibody titers. Therefore, our data suggest that recent βCoV infections potentially limit the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections through mechanisms that do not involve cross-reactive antibodies. Our data are consistent with the emerging hypothesis that cellular immune responses elicited by recent common βCoV infections transiently reduce disease severity following SARS-CoV-2 infections.
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spelling pubmed-80775882021-04-28 Sero-monitoring of health care workers reveals complex relationships between common coronavirus antibodies and SARS-CoV-2 severity Gouma, Sigrid Weirick, Madison E. Bolton, Marcus J. Arevalo, Claudia P. Goodwin, Eileen C. Anderson, Elizabeth M. McAllister, Christopher M. Christensen, Shannon R. Dunbar, Debora Fiore, Danielle Brock, Amanda Weaver, JoEllen Millar, John DerOhannessian, Stephanie Frank, Ian Rader, Daniel J. Wherry, E. John Hensley, Scott E. medRxiv Article Recent common coronavirus (CCV) infections are associated with reduced COVID-19 severity upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, however the immunological mechanisms involved are unknown. We completed serological assays using samples collected from health care workers to identify antibody types associated with SARS-CoV-2 protection and COVID-19 severity. Rare SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive antibodies elicited by past CCV infections were not associated with protection; however, the duration of symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infections was significantly reduced in individuals with higher common betacoronavirus (βCoV) antibody titers. Since antibody titers decline over time after CCV infections, individuals in our cohort with higher βCoV antibody titers were more likely recently infected with common βCoVs compared to individuals with lower antibody titers. Therefore, our data suggest that recent βCoV infections potentially limit the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections through mechanisms that do not involve cross-reactive antibodies. Our data are consistent with the emerging hypothesis that cellular immune responses elicited by recent common βCoV infections transiently reduce disease severity following SARS-CoV-2 infections. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory 2021-04-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8077588/ /pubmed/33907765 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.12.21255324 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , which allows reusers to copy and distribute the material in any medium or format in unadapted form only, for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator.
spellingShingle Article
Gouma, Sigrid
Weirick, Madison E.
Bolton, Marcus J.
Arevalo, Claudia P.
Goodwin, Eileen C.
Anderson, Elizabeth M.
McAllister, Christopher M.
Christensen, Shannon R.
Dunbar, Debora
Fiore, Danielle
Brock, Amanda
Weaver, JoEllen
Millar, John
DerOhannessian, Stephanie
Frank, Ian
Rader, Daniel J.
Wherry, E. John
Hensley, Scott E.
Sero-monitoring of health care workers reveals complex relationships between common coronavirus antibodies and SARS-CoV-2 severity
title Sero-monitoring of health care workers reveals complex relationships between common coronavirus antibodies and SARS-CoV-2 severity
title_full Sero-monitoring of health care workers reveals complex relationships between common coronavirus antibodies and SARS-CoV-2 severity
title_fullStr Sero-monitoring of health care workers reveals complex relationships between common coronavirus antibodies and SARS-CoV-2 severity
title_full_unstemmed Sero-monitoring of health care workers reveals complex relationships between common coronavirus antibodies and SARS-CoV-2 severity
title_short Sero-monitoring of health care workers reveals complex relationships between common coronavirus antibodies and SARS-CoV-2 severity
title_sort sero-monitoring of health care workers reveals complex relationships between common coronavirus antibodies and sars-cov-2 severity
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8077588/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33907765
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.12.21255324
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