Aggressive hydration with lactated ringer solution in prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Acute pancreatitis is the most common complication of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). There was no conclusion on the prevention of Post-ERCP Pancreatitis (PEP) by Lactated Ringer Solution. AIM: The purpose of this meta analyses is to determine whether aggressive hydration with Lactated Ringer Solution reduced the incidence of PEP. METHODS: We retrieved randomized clinical trials comparing the preventive effects of aggressive hydration with Lactated Ringer Solution and standard hydration on PEP from PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, the Web of Science, Clinical Trial.gov, Scopus database, CNKI, CQVIP and WanFang Data. Primary outcome was incidence of PEP. Secondary outcomes included incidence of hyperamylasemia, abdominal pain and adverse events. RESULTS: Ten randomized controlled trials with 2200 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Meta-analysis showed that compared with standard hydration, aggressive hydration reduced the incidence of PEP (odds ratio [OR], 0.40; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.26–0.63; P < .0001). Compared with standard hydration, aggressive hydration also reduced the incidence of hyperamylasemia after ERCP (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.38–0.60; P < .0001). There was significant difference between aggressive hydration and standard hydration in the incidence of abdominal pain (OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.11–0.73; P = .008). There was no difference in adverse events between aggressive hydration and standard hydration (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.21–4.13; P = .93). Sensitivity analyses showed that neither alternative effect measures nor statistical models regarding heterogeneity affected the conclusions of this meta-analysis. CONCLUSION: Aggressive hydration with Lactated Ringer Solution during perioperative period of ERCP can prevent PEP.