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Autophagy Process in Trophoblast Cells Invasion and Differentiation: Similitude and Differences With Cancer Cells

Early human placental development begins with blastocyst implantation, then the trophoblast differentiates and originates the cells required for a proper fetal nutrition and placental implantation. Among them, extravillous trophoblast corresponds to a non-proliferating trophoblast highly invasive th...

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Autores principales: Carvajal, Lorena, Gutiérrez, Jaime, Morselli, Eugenia, Leiva, Andrea
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8082112/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33937039
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.637594
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author Carvajal, Lorena
Gutiérrez, Jaime
Morselli, Eugenia
Leiva, Andrea
author_facet Carvajal, Lorena
Gutiérrez, Jaime
Morselli, Eugenia
Leiva, Andrea
author_sort Carvajal, Lorena
collection PubMed
description Early human placental development begins with blastocyst implantation, then the trophoblast differentiates and originates the cells required for a proper fetal nutrition and placental implantation. Among them, extravillous trophoblast corresponds to a non-proliferating trophoblast highly invasive that allows the vascular remodeling which is essential for appropriate placental perfusion and to maintain the adequate fetal growth. This process involves different placental cell types as well as molecules that allow cell growth, cellular adhesion, tissular remodeling, and immune tolerance. Remarkably, some of the cellular processes required for proper placentation are common between placental and cancer cells to finally support tumor growth. Indeed, as in placentation trophoblasts invade and migrate, cancer cells invade and migrate to promote tumor metastasis. However, while these processes respond to a controlled program in trophoblasts, in cancer cells this regulation is lost. Interestingly, it has been shown that autophagy, a process responsible for the degradation of damaged proteins and organelles to maintain cellular homeostasis, is required for invasion of trophoblast cells and for vascular remodeling during placentation. In cancer cells, autophagy has a dual role, as it has been shown both as tumor promoter and inhibitor, depending on the stage and tumor considered. In this review, we summarized the similarities and differences between trophoblast cell invasion and cancer cell metastasis specifically evaluating the role of autophagy in both processes.
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spelling pubmed-80821122021-04-30 Autophagy Process in Trophoblast Cells Invasion and Differentiation: Similitude and Differences With Cancer Cells Carvajal, Lorena Gutiérrez, Jaime Morselli, Eugenia Leiva, Andrea Front Oncol Oncology Early human placental development begins with blastocyst implantation, then the trophoblast differentiates and originates the cells required for a proper fetal nutrition and placental implantation. Among them, extravillous trophoblast corresponds to a non-proliferating trophoblast highly invasive that allows the vascular remodeling which is essential for appropriate placental perfusion and to maintain the adequate fetal growth. This process involves different placental cell types as well as molecules that allow cell growth, cellular adhesion, tissular remodeling, and immune tolerance. Remarkably, some of the cellular processes required for proper placentation are common between placental and cancer cells to finally support tumor growth. Indeed, as in placentation trophoblasts invade and migrate, cancer cells invade and migrate to promote tumor metastasis. However, while these processes respond to a controlled program in trophoblasts, in cancer cells this regulation is lost. Interestingly, it has been shown that autophagy, a process responsible for the degradation of damaged proteins and organelles to maintain cellular homeostasis, is required for invasion of trophoblast cells and for vascular remodeling during placentation. In cancer cells, autophagy has a dual role, as it has been shown both as tumor promoter and inhibitor, depending on the stage and tumor considered. In this review, we summarized the similarities and differences between trophoblast cell invasion and cancer cell metastasis specifically evaluating the role of autophagy in both processes. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-04-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8082112/ /pubmed/33937039 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.637594 Text en Copyright © 2021 Carvajal, Gutiérrez, Morselli and Leiva https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Oncology
Carvajal, Lorena
Gutiérrez, Jaime
Morselli, Eugenia
Leiva, Andrea
Autophagy Process in Trophoblast Cells Invasion and Differentiation: Similitude and Differences With Cancer Cells
title Autophagy Process in Trophoblast Cells Invasion and Differentiation: Similitude and Differences With Cancer Cells
title_full Autophagy Process in Trophoblast Cells Invasion and Differentiation: Similitude and Differences With Cancer Cells
title_fullStr Autophagy Process in Trophoblast Cells Invasion and Differentiation: Similitude and Differences With Cancer Cells
title_full_unstemmed Autophagy Process in Trophoblast Cells Invasion and Differentiation: Similitude and Differences With Cancer Cells
title_short Autophagy Process in Trophoblast Cells Invasion and Differentiation: Similitude and Differences With Cancer Cells
title_sort autophagy process in trophoblast cells invasion and differentiation: similitude and differences with cancer cells
topic Oncology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8082112/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33937039
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.637594
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