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Experiencing fear during the pandemic: validation of the fear of COVID-19 scale in Polish
BACKGROUND: The Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) is a brief self-report measure developed at the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic. The scale evaluates the emotional responses to COVID-19. To date, the FCV-19S has been translated and validated in about 20 languages and has been used in many publ...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
PeerJ Inc.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8083179/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33981502 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11263 |
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author | Pilch, Irena Kurasz, Zofia Turska-Kawa, Agnieszka |
author_facet | Pilch, Irena Kurasz, Zofia Turska-Kawa, Agnieszka |
author_sort | Pilch, Irena |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) is a brief self-report measure developed at the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic. The scale evaluates the emotional responses to COVID-19. To date, the FCV-19S has been translated and validated in about 20 languages and has been used in many published research. The current study aimed to validate the Polish version of the FCV-19S. METHOD: The FCV-19S was translated into Polish using forward- and back-translation. From May 15(th) to June 15(th) 2020, a total of 708 community members (Sample 1: 383 persons, 209 females, Sample 2: 325 persons, 198 females) participated in the online study. The participants were recruited using online advertisements in social media. Participation was anonymous, voluntary, and without compensation. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the one-factor structure of the FCV-19S. Then, measurement invariance was analyzed across samples, gender and age groups. To assess the validity of the scale, correlations between the FCV-19S and the remaining scales were computed. RESULTS: Internal consistency of the FCV-19S was good in both samples (Cronbach’s alpha 0.89 and 0.85). The CFA showed that the one-factor model fits the data well (RMSEA = 0.067, 90% CI [0.059–0.094], CFI = 0.977, TLI = 0.965, GFI = 0.986). The criteria for configural, metric, scalar and strict invariance were met for all models tested. The FCV-19S scores correlated significantly with age, subjective vulnerability to the disease, neuroticism, self-reported compliance with the pandemic measures, and three kinds of preventive behavior (i.e., social distancing, hand hygiene, and disinfecting things). CONCLUSION: The Polish version of the FCV-19S had a unidimensional structure, good reliability, and correlated as predicted with other variables. With the FCV-19S and the obtained results, healthcare professionals, researchers, and the government can gain more valuable information about people who may be at risk for negative psychological outcomes during the pandemic or who are not implementing protective behavior. The tool can be used in hospitals to quickly screen the level of fear in patients and minimize its severe adverse consequences. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8083179 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80831792021-05-11 Experiencing fear during the pandemic: validation of the fear of COVID-19 scale in Polish Pilch, Irena Kurasz, Zofia Turska-Kawa, Agnieszka PeerJ Psychiatry and Psychology BACKGROUND: The Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) is a brief self-report measure developed at the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic. The scale evaluates the emotional responses to COVID-19. To date, the FCV-19S has been translated and validated in about 20 languages and has been used in many published research. The current study aimed to validate the Polish version of the FCV-19S. METHOD: The FCV-19S was translated into Polish using forward- and back-translation. From May 15(th) to June 15(th) 2020, a total of 708 community members (Sample 1: 383 persons, 209 females, Sample 2: 325 persons, 198 females) participated in the online study. The participants were recruited using online advertisements in social media. Participation was anonymous, voluntary, and without compensation. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the one-factor structure of the FCV-19S. Then, measurement invariance was analyzed across samples, gender and age groups. To assess the validity of the scale, correlations between the FCV-19S and the remaining scales were computed. RESULTS: Internal consistency of the FCV-19S was good in both samples (Cronbach’s alpha 0.89 and 0.85). The CFA showed that the one-factor model fits the data well (RMSEA = 0.067, 90% CI [0.059–0.094], CFI = 0.977, TLI = 0.965, GFI = 0.986). The criteria for configural, metric, scalar and strict invariance were met for all models tested. The FCV-19S scores correlated significantly with age, subjective vulnerability to the disease, neuroticism, self-reported compliance with the pandemic measures, and three kinds of preventive behavior (i.e., social distancing, hand hygiene, and disinfecting things). CONCLUSION: The Polish version of the FCV-19S had a unidimensional structure, good reliability, and correlated as predicted with other variables. With the FCV-19S and the obtained results, healthcare professionals, researchers, and the government can gain more valuable information about people who may be at risk for negative psychological outcomes during the pandemic or who are not implementing protective behavior. The tool can be used in hospitals to quickly screen the level of fear in patients and minimize its severe adverse consequences. PeerJ Inc. 2021-04-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8083179/ /pubmed/33981502 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11263 Text en © 2021 Pilch et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. |
spellingShingle | Psychiatry and Psychology Pilch, Irena Kurasz, Zofia Turska-Kawa, Agnieszka Experiencing fear during the pandemic: validation of the fear of COVID-19 scale in Polish |
title | Experiencing fear during the pandemic: validation of the fear of COVID-19 scale in Polish |
title_full | Experiencing fear during the pandemic: validation of the fear of COVID-19 scale in Polish |
title_fullStr | Experiencing fear during the pandemic: validation of the fear of COVID-19 scale in Polish |
title_full_unstemmed | Experiencing fear during the pandemic: validation of the fear of COVID-19 scale in Polish |
title_short | Experiencing fear during the pandemic: validation of the fear of COVID-19 scale in Polish |
title_sort | experiencing fear during the pandemic: validation of the fear of covid-19 scale in polish |
topic | Psychiatry and Psychology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8083179/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33981502 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11263 |
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